synced 13 MIN AGO
01 Record

CVE-2026-45363

`jwt` (Ruby gem) - empty-key HMAC bypass

CriticalPUBLISHEDCNA: GitHub_M
CNA base score9.1 CVSS v3.xCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

02 Description

`jwt` (Ruby gem) - empty-key HMAC bypass

03 Exploitation and scoring

Exploitation
Assessed, none found. CISA's assessment recorded neither public exploit code nor evidence of exploitation when it was made.
SSVC decision
  • ExploitationnoneCISA recorded no public exploit code and no evidence of exploitation.
  • AutomatableyesAn attacker can reliably automate reconnaissance through exploitation, so this scales.
  • Technical ImpacttotalSuccessful exploitation gives total control of the vulnerable component.
CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.
EPSS probability
0.36% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.
EPSS percentile
Equal to or higher than the score of 30.0% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.
NVD base score
9.1 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.
NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
NVD analysis status
Deferred. NVD last modified this record on 2026-10-24.
Red Hat severity
Important. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

04 Metadata

Published
2026-07-14 21:32Z3 MO AGO
Last updated
2026-09-19 18:07Z1 MO AGO
Reserved
2026-05-12
Assigning CNA
GitHub_M
Record state
PUBLISHED
Severity
Critical (CVSS 9.1)
CNA CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Weaknesses
  • CWE-287Improper AuthenticationClass
  • CWE-326Inadequate Encryption StrengthClass
  • CWE-1391Use of Weak CredentialsClass
  • CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic SignatureBase
Data version
5.2
Document digest
dc9802f6873cff16a72b197c96d7575d214d86e296d852e72f2bdfee84e37c4a

05 Affected products

VendorProductVersionsPlatforms
jwtruby-jwt< 2.10.3, >= 3.0.0, < 3.2.0—

06 References

07 Fixed in

Debian 12

  • ruby-jwt
    Fixed in 2.5.0-1+deb12u1

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 13

  • ruby-jwt
    Fixed in 2.7.1-1+deb13u1

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 14

  • ruby-jwt
    Fixed in 3.2.0-1

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

  • ruby-jwt
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

  • ruby-jwt
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

  • ruby-jwt
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS

  • ruby-jwt
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS

  • ruby-jwt
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 26.04 LTS

  • ruby-jwt
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 26.10

  • ruby-jwt
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

A release or ecosystem missing from this list has no record here. It may be unaffected or not covered by the source. Source notices and licences.