CVE-2026-45363
`jwt` (Ruby gem) - empty-key HMAC bypass
02 Description
`jwt` (Ruby gem) - empty-key HMAC bypass
03 Exploitation and scoring
- Exploitation
- Assessed, none found. CISA's assessment recorded neither public exploit code nor evidence of exploitation when it was made.
- SSVC decision
- ExploitationnoneCISA recorded no public exploit code and no evidence of exploitation.
- AutomatableyesAn attacker can reliably automate reconnaissance through exploitation, so this scales.
- Technical ImpacttotalSuccessful exploitation gives total control of the vulnerable component.
- EPSS probability
- 0.36% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.
- EPSS percentile
- Equal to or higher than the score of 30.0% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.
- NVD base score
- 9.1 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.
- NVD CVSS vector
- CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
- NVD analysis status
- Deferred. NVD last modified this record on 2026-10-24.
- Red Hat severity
- Important. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.
Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.
04 Metadata
- Published
- 2026-07-14 21:32Z3 MO AGO
- Last updated
- 2026-09-19 18:07Z1 MO AGO
- Reserved
- 2026-05-12
- Assigning CNA
- GitHub_M
- Record state
- PUBLISHED
- Severity
- Critical (CVSS 9.1)
- CNA CVSS vector
- CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
- Weaknesses
- Data version
- 5.2
- Document digest
- dc9802f6873cff16a72b197c96d7575d214d86e296d852e72f2bdfee84e37c4a
05 Affected products
06 References
- github.comhttps://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/security/advisories/GHSA-c32j-vqhx-rx3x
- github.comhttps://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/commit/9820020869ad147b941e49d96ab8beba35532964
- github.comhttps://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/commit/db560b769a07bd9724e77ff505011ac01872106f
- github.comhttps://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/releases/tag/v2.10.3
- github.comhttps://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/releases/tag/v3.2.0
- lists.debian.orghttps://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2026/09/msg00022.html
07 Fixed in
Debian 12
- ruby-jwt Fixed in 2.5.0-1+deb12u1
Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Debian 13
- ruby-jwt Fixed in 2.7.1-1+deb13u1
Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Debian 14
- ruby-jwt Fixed in 3.2.0-1
Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
- ruby-jwt No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
- ruby-jwt No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
- ruby-jwt No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
- ruby-jwt No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
- ruby-jwt No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 26.04 LTS
- ruby-jwt No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 26.10
- ruby-jwt No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
A release or ecosystem missing from this list has no record here. It may be unaffected or not covered by the source. Source notices and licences.