{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2026-98044",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:19:56.071Z",
        "datePublished": "2026-09-25T10:23:55.454Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-21T12:54:12.833Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
                "shortName": "Linux",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-10-21T12:54:12.833Z"
            },
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject legacy packet loads from callbacks\n\ncheck_ld_abs() models a failed BPF_LD_ABS or BPF_LD_IND in a\nsubprogram as an implicit return with R0 set to zero. It calls\nprepare_func_exit() to explore this synthesized path.\n\nWhen the load is reached directly from a synchronous callback,\nprepare_func_exit() enforces the callback return contract and marks R0\nprecise. R0 is not derived from a real instruction on this path, so\nprecision backtracking reaches the callback call with R0 still requested\nand triggers the \"callback unexpected regs\" verifier bug. A privileged\nprogram loader can therefore cause a verifier warning and an -EFAULT\nBPF_PROG_LOAD.\n\nThese legacy packet-load instructions are deprecated. Reject them from\ncallbacks rather than complicating their implicit-return model. Check all\nactive frames before constructing the implicit return so nested static\nsubprograms cannot hide the callback context.\n\nGlobal functions are verified independently with a fresh frame zero, so\nan active-frame check cannot identify a global function called from a\ncallback. Also check the complete subprogram call graph during stack-depth\nvalidation and reject a function containing a legacy load when any caller\nis a callback. This covers global and static descendants without making\nhas_ld_abs transitive, preserving its per-function BTF return-type check.\nOrdinary uses outside callbacks remain supported."
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "8674e2db06cff6b50f2216eed9a761d15425bb34",
                            "lessThan": "cebda2a2bb4183550eae9dcf888c16407b4fffda",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "ce01a4e5cfac7adbe0be565f90cd32ecbb2f8337",
                            "lessThan": "3484a99303912db62428494a9061212049027e57",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "ee861486e377edc55361c08dcbceab3f6b6577bd",
                            "lessThan": "bc489c0c9b8c86bd7fac42cfd1bb152f042fca56",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "ee861486e377edc55361c08dcbceab3f6b6577bd",
                            "lessThan": "e7d28823c662128caae63f14e16bd394916c139b",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "928d354ae3557e8f755a227e67be88034eb3cd7f",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "8a800497d9f6c2ec9c2c1ba7b71d0ac2ea7f7bbe",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "de1055e7f9e67af32b1f3376066272b04e5223c0",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "37ad2bb11e9de92cb7b94548705eeedd87f7d392",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "d846d83bdacbd8f14fc45c63b8c1d22608452e1c",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.12.101",
                            "lessThan": "6.12.114",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.18.42",
                            "lessThan": "6.18.53",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.10.265",
                            "lessThan": "5.11",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.15.216",
                            "lessThan": "5.16",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.1.183",
                            "lessThan": "6.2",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.6.148",
                            "lessThan": "6.7",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "7.0.10",
                            "lessThan": "7.1",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "affected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "7.1",
                            "status": "affected"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0",
                            "lessThan": "7.1",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.12.114",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.18.53",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "7.2.7",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "7.3",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "cpeApplicability": [
                {
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "operator": "OR",
                            "negate": false,
                            "cpeMatch": [
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "6.12.101",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.114"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "6.18.42",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.53"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "7.1",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.7"
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                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "7.1",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "7.3"
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                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.10.265"
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                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.15.216"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.183"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "6.6.148"
                                },
                                {
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                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "7.0.10"
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            ],
            "references": [
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cebda2a2bb4183550eae9dcf888c16407b4fffda"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3484a99303912db62428494a9061212049027e57"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bc489c0c9b8c86bd7fac42cfd1bb152f042fca56"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7d28823c662128caae63f14e16bd394916c139b"
                }
            ],
            "title": "bpf: Reject legacy packet loads from callbacks",
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}