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    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2026-9771",
        "assignerOrgId": "e2e69745-5e70-4e92-8431-deb5529a81ad",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "zephyr",
        "dateReserved": "2026-05-27T22:08:41.676Z",
        "datePublished": "2026-08-17T16:18:52.514Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T18:25:14.470Z"
    },
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                "orgId": "e2e69745-5e70-4e92-8431-deb5529a81ad",
                "shortName": "zephyr",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T16:18:52.514Z"
            },
            "title": "Missing device-pointer validation in flash_copy() syscall allows userspace privilege escalation",
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "The flash_copy() system call is verified by z_vrfy_flash_copy() in drivers/flash/flash_util.c. On builds with CONFIG_USERSPACE enabled, this handler is the kernel-side trust boundary for a user-mode caller. Prior to the fix it validated only the output buffer (K_SYSCALL_MEMORY_WRITE) and passed the two struct device * arguments, src_dev and dst_dev, directly into the implementation without any object validation — unlike every sibling flash syscall, which guards its device pointer with K_SYSCALL_DRIVER_FLASH.\n\nA user-mode thread fully controls the values of src_dev/dst_dev and the contents of its own address space. The implementation z_impl_flash_copy() dereferences these pointers and calls through their driver-API function tables (e.g. api->get_parameters(dst_dev), flash_read(src_dev, ...), flash_write(dst_dev, ...)). By supplying a pointer to a forged struct device whose api table contains attacker-chosen function pointers, an unprivileged thread can cause the kernel to call arbitrary code in supervisor mode; passing any arbitrary or invalid address otherwise yields a kernel crash or out-of-bounds read.\n\nThe result is a local privilege escalation out of the userspace sandbox (with kernel denial-of-service and information disclosure as lesser outcomes). The fix adds K_SYSCALL_DRIVER_FLASH(src_dev, read) and K_SYSCALL_DRIVER_FLASH(dst_dev, write) to z_vrfy_flash_copy(), which verify each device is a registered flash-driver kernel object the calling thread is permitted to use before any dereference, closing the path completely."
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "vendor": "zephyrproject",
                    "product": "zephyr",
                    "collectionURL": "https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr",
                    "packageName": "zephyr",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "drivers/flash/flash_util.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "4.0.0",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver",
                            "lessThan": "4.4.2"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "references": [
                {
                    "url": "https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/commit/1b1ecdc438092cdd469319a0d51cba6cf82e06f4",
                    "name": "Fix commit",
                    "tags": [
                        "patch"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-68cj-3hg4-5vpm",
                    "name": "GHSA-68cj-3hg4-5vpm"
                }
            ],
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                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 8.8,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH"
                    }
                }
            ],
            "problemTypes": [
                {
                    "descriptions": [
                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "description": "memory-safety",
                            "cweId": "CWE-822",
                            "type": "CWE"
                        },
                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "description": "memory-safety",
                            "cweId": "CWE-862",
                            "type": "CWE"
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            ],
            "x_generator": {
                "engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"
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        "adp": [
            {
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                        "other": {
                            "type": "ssvc",
                            "content": {
                                "timestamp": "2026-08-17T18:24:21.736349Z",
                                "id": "CVE-2026-9771",
                                "options": [
                                    {
                                        "Exploitation": "none"
                                    },
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                                        "Automatable": "no"
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                "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
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