01 Record

CVE-2026-62901

.NET Denial of Service Vulnerability

HighPUBLISHEDCNA: microsoft

CNA base score7.5 CVSS v3.xCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

View raw JSON

02 Description

.NET Denial of Service Vulnerability

03 Exploitation and scoring

Exploitation

Assessed, none found. CISA's assessment recorded neither public exploit code nor evidence of exploitation when it was made.

SSVC decision

ExploitationnoneCISA recorded no public exploit code and no evidence of exploitation.
AutomatableyesAn attacker can reliably automate reconnaissance through exploitation, so this scales.
Technical ImpactpartialSuccessful exploitation gives limited control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

1.23% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Equal to or higher than the score of 68.7% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

7.5 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

NVD analysis status

Analyzed. NVD last modified this record on 2026-10-28.

Red Hat severity

Important. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

04 Metadata

Published

2026-08-11 17:04Z2 MO AGO

Last updated

2026-10-28 20:06Z20 HR AGO

Reserved

2026-07-14

Assigning CNA

microsoft

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

High (CVSS 7.5)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

Weaknesses

CWE-606Unchecked Input for Loop ConditionBase

Data version

5.2

Document digest

afb0f5b634dc4c5dd5174508a23958881f9566afade21c8e1cbebcb0dfbe844f

05 Affected products

VendorProductVersionsPlatforms

Microsoft.NET 10.0 runtime10.0.0 to < 10.0.11—

Microsoft.NET 8.0 runtime8.0.0 to < 8.0.30—

Microsoft.NET 9.0 runtime9.0.0 to < 9.0.19—

MicrosoftMicrosoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.1417.14.0 to < 17.14.38—

MicrosoftMicrosoft Visual Studio 2026 version 18.818.0 to < 18.8.3—

06 References

msrc.microsoft.com.NET Denial of Service Vulnerabilityhttps://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-62901vendor-advisorypatch

07 Fixed in

AlmaLinux 8

aspnetcore-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-apphost-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-apphost-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-apphost-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-host
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-hostfxr-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-hostfxr-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-hostfxr-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-10.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-8.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-9.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-aot-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-aot-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10
dotnet-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-templates-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-templates-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el8_10
dotnet-templates-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10

1 further packages in AlmaLinux 8 not shown (first 40 listed).

AlmaLinux 9

aspnetcore-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-apphost-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-apphost-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-apphost-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-host
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-hostfxr-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-hostfxr-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-hostfxr-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-10.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-8.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-9.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-aot-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-aot-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
dotnet-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-templates-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-templates-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el9_8
dotnet-templates-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
netstandard-targeting-pack-2.1
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8

AlmaLinux 10

aspnetcore-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-apphost-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-apphost-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-apphost-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-host
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-hostfxr-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-hostfxr-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-hostfxr-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-10.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-8.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-9.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-aot-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-aot-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
dotnet-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-templates-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-templates-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el10_2
dotnet-templates-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
netstandard-targeting-pack-2.1
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2

CloudLinux 8

aspnetcore-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-apphost-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-apphost-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-apphost-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-host
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-hostfxr-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-hostfxr-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-hostfxr-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-10.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-8.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-9.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-aot-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-aot-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el8_10
dotnet-sdk-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10
dotnet-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el8_10
dotnet-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el8_10
dotnet-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el8_10
dotnet-templates-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el8_10
dotnet-templates-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el8_10
dotnet-templates-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el8_10

1 further packages in CloudLinux 8 not shown (first 40 listed).

Derived from AlmaLinux 8. Partial coverage: only packages taken from AlmaLinux 8 are listed.

CloudLinux 9

aspnetcore-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-apphost-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-apphost-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-apphost-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-host
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-hostfxr-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-hostfxr-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-hostfxr-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-10.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-8.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-9.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-aot-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-aot-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el9_8
dotnet-sdk-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
dotnet-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el9_8
dotnet-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el9_8
dotnet-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el9_8
dotnet-templates-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el9_8
dotnet-templates-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el9_8
dotnet-templates-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8
netstandard-targeting-pack-2.1
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el9_8

Derived from AlmaLinux 9. Partial coverage: only packages taken from AlmaLinux 9 are listed.

CloudLinux 10

aspnetcore-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
aspnetcore-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-apphost-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-apphost-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-apphost-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-host
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-hostfxr-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-hostfxr-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-hostfxr-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-runtime-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-10.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-8.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-9.0-source-built-artifacts
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-aot-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-aot-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-dbg-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-dbg-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el10_2
dotnet-sdk-dbg-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
dotnet-targeting-pack-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.11-1.el10_2
dotnet-targeting-pack-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.30-1.el10_2
dotnet-targeting-pack-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.19-1.el10_2
dotnet-templates-10.0
Fixed in 10.0.111-1.el10_2
dotnet-templates-8.0
Fixed in 8.0.130-1.el10_2
dotnet-templates-9.0
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2
netstandard-targeting-pack-2.1
Fixed in 9.0.120-1.el10_2

Derived from AlmaLinux 10. Partial coverage: only packages taken from AlmaLinux 10 are listed.

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS

dotnet6
No fix yet
dotnet7
No fix yet
dotnet8
Fixed in 8.0.130-8.0.30-0ubuntu1~22.04.1

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS

dotnet10
Fixed in 10.0.111-10.0.11-0ubuntu1~24.04.1
dotnet8
Fixed in 8.0.130-8.0.30-0ubuntu1~24.04.1

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 26.04 LTS

dotnet10
Fixed in 10.0.111-10.0.11-0ubuntu1~26.04.1

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

A release or ecosystem missing from this list has no record here. It may be unaffected or not covered by the source. Source notices and licences.