{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2026-54451",
        "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
        "dateReserved": "2026-06-15T15:30:40.318Z",
        "datePublished": "2026-09-17T18:19:25.334Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T21:03:54.370Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "title": "Elixir protobuf: Unbounded recursion depth in embedded-message decoding",
            "problemTypes": [
                {
                    "descriptions": [
                        {
                            "cweId": "CWE-674",
                            "lang": "en",
                            "description": "CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion",
                            "type": "CWE"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "metrics": [
                {
                    "cvssV4_0": {
                        "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                        "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                        "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
                        "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                        "userInteraction": "NONE",
                        "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                        "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                        "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                        "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                        "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                        "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                        "baseScore": 8.2,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                        "version": "4.0"
                    }
                }
            ],
            "references": [
                {
                    "name": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-rv48-qqj5-crxg",
                    "tags": [
                        "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
                    ],
                    "url": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-rv48-qqj5-crxg"
                },
                {
                    "name": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/commit/352d1769a0ef575a8d18c3f9620609efdb73e2bc",
                    "tags": [
                        "x_refsource_MISC"
                    ],
                    "url": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/commit/352d1769a0ef575a8d18c3f9620609efdb73e2bc"
                },
                {
                    "name": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/commit/b8efa97790eece3d2d0e8e7c31a45ed409fe5338",
                    "tags": [
                        "x_refsource_MISC"
                    ],
                    "url": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/commit/b8efa97790eece3d2d0e8e7c31a45ed409fe5338"
                },
                {
                    "name": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/releases/tag/v0.16.1",
                    "tags": [
                        "x_refsource_MISC"
                    ],
                    "url": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/releases/tag/v0.16.1"
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "vendor": "elixir-protobuf",
                    "product": "protobuf",
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": ">= 0.8.0, < 0.16.1",
                            "status": "affected"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
                "shortName": "GitHub_M",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-09-17T18:19:25.334Z"
            },
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "Elixir protobuf is a pure Elixir implementation of Google Protobuf. From 0.8.0 until 0.16.1, services that decode attacker-controlled protobuf bytes with Protobuf.Decoder can be taken offline when the schema contains a self-referential or cyclic message type. In lib/protobuf/decoder.ex, Protobuf.Decoder.value_for_field/3 handles an embedded?: true field by recursively entering the decode / build_message / handle_value / value_for_field call chain without enforcing a nesting-depth limit. Deeply nested embedded fields retain non-tail recursive frames, allowing a comparatively small request to consume substantial CPU and memory, pin a BEAM scheduler, and exhaust the node. This issue is fixed in version 0.16.1."
                }
            ],
            "source": {
                "advisory": "GHSA-rv48-qqj5-crxg",
                "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
            }
        },
        "adp": [
            {
                "references": [
                    {
                        "url": "https://github.com/elixir-protobuf/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-rv48-qqj5-crxg",
                        "tags": [
                            "exploit"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "metrics": [
                    {
                        "other": {
                            "type": "ssvc",
                            "content": {
                                "timestamp": "2026-09-21T21:03:29.889055Z",
                                "id": "CVE-2026-54451",
                                "options": [
                                    {
                                        "Exploitation": "poc"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Automatable": "yes"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                                "version": "2.0.3"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
                "providerMetadata": {
                    "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
                    "shortName": "CISA-ADP",
                    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T21:03:54.370Z"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}