CVE-2026-28460

Exploitation

Assessed, none found. CISA's assessment recorded neither public exploit code nor evidence of exploitation when it was made.

SSVC decision

• ExploitationnoneCISA recorded no public exploit code and no evidence of exploitation.
• AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
• Technical ImpactpartialSuccessful exploitation gives limited control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

0.45% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Equal to or higher than the score of 39.3% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

6.0 (CVSS v4.0), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

NVD analysis status

Modified. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.

Red Hat severity

No Red Hat rating. Red Hat rates the CVEs that affect its products.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

Published

2026-03-19 01:00Z7 MO AGO

Last updated

2026-06-23 16:14Z4 MO AGO

Reserved

2026-02-27

Assigning CNA

VulnCheck

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

Medium (CVSS 6.0)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Weaknesses

• CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')Base

Data version

5.2

Document digest

39fe473d70966895fea77fbc0ec40a43be8dabe76b1b29616261af51a8f0c2a2

• github.comGitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-9868-vxmx-w862)https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-9868-vxmx-w862vendor-advisory
• github.comPatch Commithttps://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/3f0b9dbb36c86e308267924c0d3d4a4e1fc4d1e9patch
• www.vulncheck.comVulnCheck Advisory: OpenClaw < 2026.2.22 - Allowlist Bypass via Shell Line-Continuation Command Substitution in system.runhttps://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-allowlist-bypass-via-shell-line-continuation-command-substitution-in-system-runthird-party-advisory