{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-9961",
        "assignerOrgId": "f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "TPLink",
        "dateReserved": "2025-09-03T17:19:40.584Z",
        "datePublished": "2025-09-06T06:50:59.558Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:49:11.572Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "affected": [
                {
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "product": "AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6",
                    "vendor": "TP-Link Systems Inc.",
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "lessThan": "1.2.1",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "version": "0",
                            "versionType": "custom"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "product": "AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6",
                    "vendor": "TP-Link Systems Inc.",
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "lessThan": "1.3.11",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "version": "0",
                            "versionType": "custom"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "supportingMedia": [
                        {
                            "base64": false,
                            "type": "text/html",
                            "value": "<div>An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500.&nbsp;</div><div>The exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack.&nbsp;</div><div>This issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.</div>"
                        }
                    ],
                    "value": "An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500. \n\nThe exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack. \n\nThis issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11."
                }
            ],
            "metrics": [
                {
                    "cvssV4_0": {
                        "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                        "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                        "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                        "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                        "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                        "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                        "baseScore": 8.6,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                        "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
                        "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                        "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                        "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                        "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                        "userInteraction": "NONE",
                        "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                        "version": "4.0",
                        "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                        "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                        "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
                        "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
                    },
                    "format": "CVSS",
                    "scenarios": [
                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "value": "GENERAL"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "problemTypes": [
                {
                    "descriptions": [
                        {
                            "cweId": "CWE-120",
                            "description": "CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')",
                            "lang": "en",
                            "type": "CWE"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630",
                "shortName": "TPLink",
                "dateUpdated": "2025-09-06T06:50:59.558Z"
            },
            "references": [
                {
                    "url": "https://blog.byteray.co.uk/zero-day-alert-automated-discovery-of-critical-cwmp-stack-overflow-in-tp-link-routers-0bc495a08679"
                },
                {
                    "tags": [
                        "vendor-advisory"
                    ],
                    "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/4647/"
                },
                {
                    "tags": [
                        "patch"
                    ],
                    "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax10/"
                },
                {
                    "tags": [
                        "patch"
                    ],
                    "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax1500/"
                }
            ],
            "source": {
                "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
            },
            "title": "Authenticated RCE by CWMP binary",
            "x_generator": {
                "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
            }
        },
        "adp": [
            {
                "metrics": [
                    {
                        "other": {
                            "type": "ssvc",
                            "content": {
                                "id": "CVE-2025-9961",
                                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                                "options": [
                                    {
                                        "Exploitation": "poc"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Automatable": "no"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Technical Impact": "total"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "version": "2.0.3",
                                "timestamp": "2025-09-09T03:55:19.533182Z"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
                "providerMetadata": {
                    "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
                    "shortName": "CISA-ADP",
                    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:49:11.572Z"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}