CVE-2025-9390

Exploitation

Public exploit code exists. CISA's assessment records a public proof of concept. That is not a report of exploitation in the wild.

SSVC decision

• ExploitationpocPublic proof-of-concept exploit code exists. Not a report of exploitation in the wild.
• AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
• Technical ImpactpartialSuccessful exploitation gives limited control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

0.28% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Equal to or higher than the score of 20.5% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

1.9 (CVSS v4.0), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

NVD analysis status

Analyzed. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.

Red Hat severity

Moderate. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

Published

2025-08-24 14:02Z1 YR AGO

Last updated

2025-08-25 18:30Z1 YR AGO

Reserved

2025-08-23

Assigning CNA

VulDB

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

Medium (CVSS 4.8)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Weaknesses

• CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory BufferClass
• CWE-120Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')Base

Data version

5.1

Document digest

a8a7c364422114be1915971955ae6cda314c74dcdc5d91137b639dd27e444f97

• vuldb.comVDB-321223 | vim xxd xxd.c main buffer overflowhttps://vuldb.com/?id.321223vdb-entrytechnical-description
• vuldb.comVDB-321223 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321223signaturepermissions-required
• vuldb.comSubmit #630903 | vim xxd vim-9.1.0000 and related xxd versions (latest master branch) Buffer Overflowhttps://vuldb.com/?submit.630903third-party-advisory
• github.comhttps://github.com/vim/vim/issues/17944issue-tracking
• github.comhttps://github.com/vim/vim/pull/17947issue-tracking
• drive.google.comhttps://drive.google.com/file/d/1JLnqrdcGsjUhbYzIEweXIGZyETjHlKtX/view?usp=sharingexploit
• github.comhttps://github.com/vim/vim/commit/eeef7c77436a78cd27047b0f5fa6925d56de3cb0patch
• github.comhttps://github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.1.1616patch