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01 Record

CVE-2025-9312

Improper Certificate-Based Authentication Enforcement in Multiple WSO2 Products

CriticalPUBLISHEDCNA: WSO2
CNA base score9.8 CVSS v3.xCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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02 Description

Improper Certificate-Based Authentication Enforcement in Multiple WSO2 Products

03 Exploitation and scoring

Exploitation
Assessed, none found. CISA's assessment recorded neither public exploit code nor evidence of exploitation when it was made.
SSVC decision
  • ExploitationnoneCISA recorded no public exploit code and no evidence of exploitation.
  • AutomatableyesAn attacker can reliably automate reconnaissance through exploitation, so this scales.
  • Technical ImpactpartialSuccessful exploitation gives limited control of the vulnerable component.
CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.
EPSS probability
0.25% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.
EPSS percentile
Equal to or higher than the score of 16.1% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.
NVD base score
9.8 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.
NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD analysis status
Analyzed. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.
Red Hat severity
No Red Hat rating. Red Hat rates the CVEs that affect its products.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

04 Metadata

Published
2025-11-18 12:05Z11 MO AGO
Last updated
2025-11-18 17:38Z11 MO AGO
Reserved
2025-08-21
Assigning CNA
WSO2
Record state
PUBLISHED
Severity
Critical (CVSS 9.8)
CNA CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weaknesses
  • CWE-306Missing Authentication for Critical FunctionBase
Data version
5.2
Document digest
13528649490aa791faf2346d48e3c028ebc8e27715e677c7462154458041813a

05 Affected products

VendorProductVersionsPlatforms
WSO2WSO2 API Manager2.2.0 to < 2.2.0.58, 2.5.0 to < 2.5.0.84, 2.6.0 to < 2.6.0.145, 3.0.0 to < 3.0.0.175, 3.1.0 to < 3.1.0.339, 3.2.0 to < 3.2.0.439, 3.2.1 to < 3.2.1.59, 4.0.0 to < 4.0.0.359, 4.1.0 to < 4.1.0.222, 4.2.0 to < 4.2.0.161, 4.3.0 to < 4.3.0.73, 4.4.0 to < 4.4.0.37, 4.5.0 to < 4.5.0.21—
WSO2WSO2 API Control Plane4.5.0 to < 4.5.0.22—
WSO2WSO2 Traffic Manager4.5.0 to < 4.5.0.20—
WSO2WSO2 Universal Gateway4.5.0 to < 4.5.0.20—
WSO2WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager5.3.0 to < 5.3.0.39, 5.5.0 to < 5.5.0.52, 5.6.0 to < 5.6.0.74, 5.7.0 to < 5.7.0.124, 5.9.0 to < 5.9.0.175, 5.10.0 to < 5.10.0.358—
WSO2WSO2 Identity Server5.2.0 to < 5.2.0.33, 5.3.0 to < 5.3.0.34, 5.4.0 to < 5.4.0.33, 5.4.1 to < 5.4.1.37, 5.5.0 to < 5.5.0.51, 5.6.0 to < 5.6.0.59, 5.7.0 to < 5.7.0.125, 5.8.0 to < 5.8.0.109, 5.9.0 to < 5.9.0.168, 5.10.0 to < 5.10.0.368, 5.11.0 to < 5.11.0.411, 6.0.0 to < 6.0.0.243, 6.1.0 to < 6.1.0.241, 7.0.0 to < 7.0.0.116, 7.1.0 to < 7.1.0.23—
WSO2WSO2 Open Banking KM1.4.0 to < 1.4.0.132, 1.5.0 to < 1.5.0.122—
WSO2WSO2 Open Banking AM1.4.0 to < 1.4.0.138, 1.5.0 to < 1.5.0.139, 2.0.0 to < 2.0.0.388—
WSO2WSO2 Open Banking IAM2.0.0 to < 2.0.0.408—
WSO2org.wso2.carbon.identity.auth.service1.1.1 to < 1.1.1.2, 1.1.16 to < 1.1.16.3, 1.1.18 to < 1.1.18.4, 1.1.20 to < 1.1.20.5, 1.1.26 to < 1.1.26.7, 1.3.6 to < 1.3.6.8, 1.4.0 to < 1.4.0.18, 1.4.25 to < 1.4.25.24, 1.4.52 to < 1.4.52.4, 1.6.1 to < 1.6.1.11, 1.7.1 to < 1.7.1.4, 1.8.11 to < 1.8.11.6, 1.8.41 to < 1.8.41.2, 1.9.4 to < 1.9.4.4, 1.9.18 to < 1.9.18.2—

06 References

07 Remediation

Follow the instructions given on https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2025/WSO2-2025-4494/#solution