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01 Record

CVE-2025-68973

In GnuPG before 2.4.9, armor_filter in g10/armor.c has two increments of an index variable where one is intended, leading to an out-of-bounds write for crafted input. (For ExtendedLTS, 2.2.51 and

HighPUBLISHEDCNA: mitre
CNA base score7.8 CVSS v3.xCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
View raw JSON

02 Description

In GnuPG before 2.4.9, armor_filter in g10/armor.c has two increments of an index variable where one is intended, leading to an out-of-bounds write for crafted input. (For ExtendedLTS, 2.2.51 and

03 Exploitation and scoring

Exploitation
Public exploit code exists. CISA's assessment records a public proof of concept. That is not a report of exploitation in the wild.
SSVC decision
  • ExploitationpocPublic proof-of-concept exploit code exists. Not a report of exploitation in the wild.
  • AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
  • Technical ImpacttotalSuccessful exploitation gives total control of the vulnerable component.
CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.
EPSS probability
0.15% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.
EPSS percentile
Equal to or higher than the score of 3.8% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.
NVD base score
7.0 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.
NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD analysis status
Modified. NVD last modified this record on 2026-10-13.
Red Hat severity
Important. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

04 Metadata

Published
2025-12-28 16:19Z10 MO AGO
Last updated
2026-04-30 03:55Z6 MO AGO
Reserved
2025-12-28
Assigning CNA
mitre
Record state
PUBLISHED
Severity
High (CVSS 7.8)
CNA CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
Weaknesses
  • CWE-675Multiple Operations on Resource in Single-Operation ContextClass
  • CWE-787Out-of-bounds WriteBase
Data version
5.2
Document digest
1b0b9543273a776f6bfab209a5bdf2aeb309c19edc69737d842d72e8576aa544

05 Affected products

VendorProductVersionsPlatforms
GnuPGGnuPG0 to < 2.2.51, 2.3.0 to < 2.4.9—

06 References

07 Fixed in

AlmaLinux 8

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.2.20-4.el8_10
  • gnupg2-smime
    Fixed in 2.2.20-4.el8_10

Source: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

AlmaLinux 9

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.3.3-5.el9_7
  • gnupg2-smime
    Fixed in 2.3.3-5.el9_7

Source: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

AlmaLinux 10

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.4.5-3.el10_1
  • gnupg2-smime
    Fixed in 2.4.5-3.el10_1

Source: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

CloudLinux 8

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.2.20-4.el8_10
  • gnupg2-smime
    Fixed in 2.2.20-4.el8_10

Derived from AlmaLinux 8. Partial coverage: only packages taken from AlmaLinux 8 are listed.

Source: CloudLinux errata, CloudLinux Inc. Derived from: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

CloudLinux 9

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.3.3-5.el9_7
  • gnupg2-smime
    Fixed in 2.3.3-5.el9_7

Derived from AlmaLinux 9. Partial coverage: only packages taken from AlmaLinux 9 are listed.

Source: CloudLinux errata, CloudLinux Inc. Derived from: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

CloudLinux 10

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.4.5-3.el10_1
  • gnupg2-smime
    Fixed in 2.4.5-3.el10_1

Derived from AlmaLinux 10. Partial coverage: only packages taken from AlmaLinux 10 are listed.

Source: CloudLinux errata, CloudLinux Inc. Derived from: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 12

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.2.40-1.1+deb12u2

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 13

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.4.7-21+deb13u1

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 14

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.4.8-5

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.2.27-3ubuntu2.5

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.4.4-2ubuntu17.4

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 25.10

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.4.8-2ubuntu2.1

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS

  • gnupg
    Fixed in 1.4.16-1ubuntu2.6+esm2
    Available with Ubuntu Pro with Legacy support add-on: https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS

  • gnupg
    Fixed in 1.4.20-1ubuntu3.3+esm3
    Available with Ubuntu Pro (Infra-only): https://ubuntu.com/pro
  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.1.11-6ubuntu2.1+esm3
    Available with Ubuntu Pro (Infra-only): https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.6+esm2
    Available with Ubuntu Pro (Infra-only): https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS

  • gnupg2
    Fixed in 2.2.19-3ubuntu2.5+esm1
    Available with Ubuntu Pro (Infra-only): https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

A release or ecosystem missing from this list has no record here. It may be unaffected or not covered by the source. Source notices and licences.