{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-68785", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-12-24T10:30:51.036Z", "datePublished": "2026-01-13T15:28:58.930Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:11:27.492Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:11:27.492Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: openvswitch: fix middle attribute validation in push_nsh() action\n\nThe push_nsh() action structure looks like this:\n\n OVS_ACTION_ATTR_PUSH_NSH(OVS_KEY_ATTR_NSH(OVS_NSH_KEY_ATTR_BASE,...))\n\nThe outermost OVS_ACTION_ATTR_PUSH_NSH attribute is OK'ed by the\nnla_for_each_nested() inside __ovs_nla_copy_actions(). The innermost\nOVS_NSH_KEY_ATTR_BASE/MD1/MD2 are OK'ed by the nla_for_each_nested()\ninside nsh_key_put_from_nlattr(). But nothing checks if the attribute\nin the middle is OK. We don't even check that this attribute is the\nOVS_KEY_ATTR_NSH. We just do a double unwrap with a pair of nla_data()\ncalls - first time directly while calling validate_push_nsh() and the\nsecond time as part of the nla_for_each_nested() macro, which isn't\nsafe, potentially causing invalid memory access if the size of this\nattribute is incorrect. The failure may not be noticed during\nvalidation due to larger netlink buffer, but cause trouble later during\naction execution where the buffer is allocated exactly to the size:\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in nsh_hdr_from_nlattr+0x1dd/0x6a0 [openvswitch]\n Read of size 184 at addr ffff88816459a634 by task a.out/22624\n\n CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 22624 6.18.0-rc7+ #115 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n Call Trace:\n \n dump_stack_lvl+0x51/0x70\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x2c/0x390\n kasan_report+0xdd/0x110\n kasan_check_range+0x35/0x1b0\n __asan_memcpy+0x20/0x60\n nsh_hdr_from_nlattr+0x1dd/0x6a0 [openvswitch]\n push_nsh+0x82/0x120 [openvswitch]\n do_execute_actions+0x1405/0x2840 [openvswitch]\n ovs_execute_actions+0xd5/0x3b0 [openvswitch]\n ovs_packet_cmd_execute+0x949/0xdb0 [openvswitch]\n genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x1d6/0x2b0\n genl_family_rcv_msg+0x336/0x580\n genl_rcv_msg+0x9f/0x130\n netlink_rcv_skb+0x11f/0x370\n genl_rcv+0x24/0x40\n netlink_unicast+0x73e/0xaa0\n netlink_sendmsg+0x744/0xbf0\n __sys_sendto+0x3d6/0x450\n do_syscall_64+0x79/0x2c0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n \n\nLet's add some checks that the attribute is properly sized and it's\nthe only one attribute inside the action. Technically, there is no\nreal reason for OVS_KEY_ATTR_NSH to be there, as we know that we're\npushing an NSH header already, it just creates extra nesting, but\nthat's how uAPI works today. So, keeping as it is." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H", "baseScore": 7.1, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The malformed PUSH_NSH action must be supplied through a local Open vSwitch Generic Netlink packet-execute or flow-management command. Network packets can trigger an installed action but cannot create the malformed action themselves.\nAC:L - A crafted attribute deterministically bypasses the missing middle-layer validation; no race or condition outside the attacker's control is required.\nPR:L - The commands require CAP_NET_ADMIN via GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM, but OVS is network-namespace-aware and this capability can be obtained by an unprivileged user through a new user and network namespace on permissive systems.\nUI:N - After obtaining local access, the attacker can create a datapath and submit the malicious Netlink command without any victim action.\nS:U - The vulnerable processing and resulting kernel impact remain within the Linux kernel's security authority; a user-namespace-to-kernel impact is treated as unchanged scope.\nC:H - The flaw causes a confirmed slab out-of-bounds read of 184 bytes, and the NSH metadata path permits reads up to 248 bytes beyond the copied action buffer, potentially exposing sensitive kernel heap contents.\nI:N - The invalid data is only read into a bounded 256-byte stack buffer and then into allocated packet headroom. No out-of-bounds kernel write, object corruption, or control-flow modification primitive is present.\nA:H - The malformed action can synchronously cause an invalid slab access during packet execution, leading to a kernel oops or panic, and the attacker can invoke it repeatedly." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/openvswitch/flow_netlink.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "b2d0f5d5dc53532e6f07bc546a476a55ebdfe0f3", "lessThan": "d0c135b8bbbcf92836068fd395bebeb7ae6c7bef", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b2d0f5d5dc53532e6f07bc546a476a55ebdfe0f3", "lessThan": "3bc2efff20a38b2c7ca18317649715df0dd62ced", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b2d0f5d5dc53532e6f07bc546a476a55ebdfe0f3", "lessThan": "1b569db9c2f28b599e40050524aae5f7332bc294", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b2d0f5d5dc53532e6f07bc546a476a55ebdfe0f3", "lessThan": "10ffc558246f2c75619aedda0921906095e46702", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b2d0f5d5dc53532e6f07bc546a476a55ebdfe0f3", "lessThan": "2ecfc4433acdb149eafd7fb22d7fd4adf90b25e9", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b2d0f5d5dc53532e6f07bc546a476a55ebdfe0f3", "lessThan": "c999153bfb2d1d9b295b7010d920f2a7c6d7595f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b2d0f5d5dc53532e6f07bc546a476a55ebdfe0f3", "lessThan": "5ace7ef87f059d68b5f50837ef3e8a1a4870c36e", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/openvswitch/flow_netlink.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "4.15", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "4.15", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.248", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.198", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.160", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.120", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.64", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.18.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.19", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.248" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.198" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.160" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.120" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.64" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.3" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.19" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d0c135b8bbbcf92836068fd395bebeb7ae6c7bef" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3bc2efff20a38b2c7ca18317649715df0dd62ced" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1b569db9c2f28b599e40050524aae5f7332bc294" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/10ffc558246f2c75619aedda0921906095e46702" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ecfc4433acdb149eafd7fb22d7fd4adf90b25e9" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c999153bfb2d1d9b295b7010d920f2a7c6d7595f" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5ace7ef87f059d68b5f50837ef3e8a1a4870c36e" } ], "title": "net: openvswitch: fix middle attribute validation in push_nsh() action", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "timestamp": "2026-06-16T19:21:59.526641Z", "id": "CVE-2025-68785", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "partial" } ], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3" } } } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T19:22:11.052Z" } } ] } }