01 Record
CVE-2025-65548
NUT-14 allows cashu tokens to be created with a preimage hash. However, nutshell (cashubtc/nuts) before 0.18.0 do not validate the size of preimage when the token is spent. The preimage is stored by
CriticalPUBLISHEDCNA: mitre
CNA base score9.1 CVSS v3.xCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
02 Description
NUT-14 allows cashu tokens to be created with a preimage hash. However, nutshell (cashubtc/nuts) before 0.18.0 do not validate the size of preimage when the token is spent. The preimage is stored by
03 Exploitation and scoring
- Exploitation
- Public exploit code exists. CISA's assessment records a public proof of concept. That is not a report of exploitation in the wild.
- SSVC decision
- ExploitationpocPublic proof-of-concept exploit code exists. Not a report of exploitation in the wild.
- AutomatableyesAn attacker can reliably automate reconnaissance through exploitation, so this scales.
- Technical ImpacttotalSuccessful exploitation gives total control of the vulnerable component.
- EPSS probability
- 0.41% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.
- EPSS percentile
- Equal to or higher than the score of 35.6% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.
- NVD base score
- 9.1 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.
- NVD CVSS vector
- CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
- NVD analysis status
- Analyzed. NVD last modified this record on 2026-10-18.
- Red Hat severity
- No Red Hat rating. Red Hat rates the CVEs that affect its products.
Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.
04 Metadata
- Published
- 2025-12-08 00:00Z10 MO AGO
- Last updated
- 2025-12-11 14:36Z10 MO AGO
- Reserved
- 2025-11-18
- Assigning CNA
- mitre
- Record state
- PUBLISHED
- Severity
- Critical (CVSS 9.1)
- CNA CVSS vector
- CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
- Weaknesses
- CWE-1284Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in InputBase
- Data version
- 5.2
- Document digest
- e81c95c622e9f5f0c92ad33ddd06bd607b0fae9988027891ee263dfb9a37e771
05 Affected products
VendorProductVersionsPlatforms
06 References
- delvingbitcoin.orghttps://delvingbitcoin.org/t/public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu/2090
- github.comhttps://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/14.md
- github.comhttps://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/07.md
- preimage007.github.iohttps://preimage007.github.io/
- github.comhttps://github.com/jamesob/delving-bitcoin-archive/blob/master/archive/rendered-topics/2025-11-November/2025-11-02-public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu-id2090.md
- bitcointalk.orghttps://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5564329