CVE-2025-59419

Exploitation

Public exploit code exists. CISA's assessment records a public proof of concept. That is not a report of exploitation in the wild.

SSVC decision

• ExploitationpocPublic proof-of-concept exploit code exists. Not a report of exploitation in the wild.
• AutomatableyesAn attacker can reliably automate reconnaissance through exploitation, so this scales.
• Technical ImpactpartialSuccessful exploitation gives limited control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

1.55% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Equal to or higher than the score of 74.9% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

5.5 (CVSS v4.0), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

NVD analysis status

Deferred. NVD last modified this record on 2026-10-19.

Red Hat severity

Moderate. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

Published

2025-10-15 15:42Z1 YR AGO

Last updated

2025-10-17 19:44Z1 YR AGO

Reserved

2025-09-15

Assigning CNA

GitHub_M

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

Medium (CVSS 5.5)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Weaknesses

• CWE-93Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')Base

Data version

5.1

Document digest

1354afa72f309000dcf2f95da7cd62a875618ceb98e6ea8323995a08393ad448

• github.comhttps://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-jq43-27x9-3v86x_refsource_CONFIRM
• github.comhttps://github.com/netty/netty/commit/1782e8c2060a244c4d4e6f9d9112d5517ca05120x_refsource_MISC
• www.depthfirst.comhttps://www.depthfirst.com/post/our-ai-agent-found-a-netty-zero-day-that-bypasses-email-authentication-the-story-of-cve-2025-59419