CVE-2025-5151

Exploitation

Public exploit code exists. CISA's assessment records a public proof of concept. That is not a report of exploitation in the wild.

SSVC decision

• ExploitationpocPublic proof-of-concept exploit code exists. Not a report of exploitation in the wild.
• AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
• Technical ImpactpartialSuccessful exploitation gives limited control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

0.30% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Ranks above 22.6% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

4.8 (CVSS v4.0), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

NVD analysis status

Analyzed. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.

Red Hat severity

No Red Hat rating. Red Hat rates the CVEs that affect its products.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

Published

2025-05-25 16:31Z1 YR AGO

Last updated

2025-05-28 17:38Z1 YR AGO

Reserved

2025-05-24

Assigning CNA

VulDB

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

Medium (CVSS 4.8)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Weaknesses

• CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')Class
• CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')Base

Data version

5.1

Document digest

c6a6e46a25f0ff1b53830c94c1506b23baff73f55275b678fadd397f097736ed

• vuldb.comVDB-310239 | defog-ai introspect analysis_tools.py execute_analysis_code_safely code injectionhttps://vuldb.com/?id.310239vdb-entrytechnical-description
• vuldb.comVDB-310239 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310239signaturepermissions-required
• vuldb.comSubmit #574809 | defog-ai introspect v0.1.0 to v0.1.4 Code Injectionhttps://vuldb.com/?submit.574809third-party-advisory
• github.comhttps://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/issues/495issue-tracking
• github.comhttps://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/issues/495#issuecomment-2894640278issue-tracking
• github.comhttps://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/issues/495#issue-3036141048exploitissue-tracking
• github.comhttps://github.com/defog-ai/introspect/pull/502issue-trackingpatch