CVE-2025-4841

Exploitation

Public exploit code exists. CISA's assessment records a public proof of concept. That is not a report of exploitation in the wild.

SSVC decision

• ExploitationpocPublic proof-of-concept exploit code exists. Not a report of exploitation in the wild.
• AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
• Technical ImpacttotalSuccessful exploitation gives total control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

1.22% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Ranks above 66.5% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

8.7 (CVSS v4.0), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

NVD analysis status

Analyzed. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.

Red Hat severity

No Red Hat rating. Red Hat rates the CVEs that affect its products.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

Published

2025-05-17 22:31Z1 YR AGO

Last updated

2025-05-19 15:23Z1 YR AGO

Reserved

2025-05-16

Assigning CNA

VulDB

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

High (CVSS 8.7)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Weaknesses

• CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory BufferClass
• CWE-121Stack-based Buffer OverflowVariant
• CWE-787Out-of-bounds WriteBase

Data version

5.1

Document digest

ac338a80b9ee6f6d72906cc8c892fd99c8e0771c4eef7e56970a9d1a99c8aa18

• vuldb.comVDB-309308 | D-Link DCS-932L gpio sub_404780 stack-based overflowhttps://vuldb.com/?id.309308vdb-entrytechnical-description
• vuldb.comVDB-309308 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309308signaturepermissions-required
• vuldb.comSubmit #574924 | D-Link DCS-932L 2.18.01 Stack-based Buffer Overflowhttps://vuldb.com/?submit.574924third-party-advisory
• github.comhttps://github.com/BeaCox/IoT_vuln/tree/main/D-Link/DCS-932L/gpio_bofexploit
• www.dlink.comhttps://www.dlink.com/product