{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-40331", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.186Z", "datePublished": "2025-12-09T04:09:48.196Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:09:40.498Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:09:40.498Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write\n\nFor the following path not holding the sock lock,\n\n sctp_diag_dump() -> sctp_for_each_endpoint() -> sctp_ep_dump()\n\nmake sure not to exceed bounds in case the address list has grown\nbetween buffer allocation (time-of-check) and write (time-of-use)." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - Triggering requires local syscalls — a `NETLINK_SOCK_DIAG` dump request plus a concurrent `setsockopt(SCTP_SOCKOPT_BINDX_ADD)` on the attacker's own socket. A remote SCTP peer cannot drive the diag dump, so despite being in net/sctp this is the local netlink/diag surface.\nAC:L - The attacker owns both sides of the race — one thread hammers the diag dump, another calls sctp_bindx on its own endpoint — and the vulnerable window spans the entire unbounded write loop, which the attacker lengthens by pre-binding many addresses. Failed attempts are harmless and can be retried indefinitely.\nPR:L - No capability check exists anywhere on the sock_diag/inet_diag dump path (the `net_admin` flag only selects optional attributes), and sctp_do_bind only needs CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE for ports below 1024, which the attacker avoids. Any unprivileged local user with an SCTP socket can do this, without namespaces.\nUI:N - The attacker creates the SCTP endpoint, issues the diag dump, and grows the address list entirely on its own. No victim action of any kind is involved.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel heap memory managed by the same kernel security authority. No VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The same TOCTOU in the shrink direction leaves the tail of the reserved INET_DIAG_LOCALS attribute uninitialized and copies that kernel heap data straight to userspace, and the heap overflow itself corrupts skb_shared_info (frag_list/destructor_arg), which is readily leveraged into arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - This is a heap out-of-bounds write with attacker-chosen length — a single bindx call can append ~8000 addresses, yielding up to ~1 MB written past the reserved region — and partially attacker-controlled content, smashing skb_shared_info and adjacent slab objects, which is a strong path to control-flow hijack and privilege escalation.\nA:H - Overwriting skb_shared_info and neighbouring allocations with sockaddr data reliably produces oopses and kernel panics on subsequent skb handling. Any unprivileged user can repeat the attack at will." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/sctp/diag.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "8f840e47f190cbe61a96945c13e9551048d42cef", "lessThan": "b106a68df0650b694b254427cd9250c04500edd3", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "8f840e47f190cbe61a96945c13e9551048d42cef", "lessThan": "3006959371007fc2eae4a078f823c680fa52de1a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "8f840e47f190cbe61a96945c13e9551048d42cef", "lessThan": "72e3fea68eac8d088e44c3dd954e843478e9240e", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "8f840e47f190cbe61a96945c13e9551048d42cef", "lessThan": "584307275b2048991b2e8984962189b6cc0a9b85", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "8f840e47f190cbe61a96945c13e9551048d42cef", "lessThan": "c9119f243d9c0da3c3b5f577a328de3e7ffd1b42", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "8f840e47f190cbe61a96945c13e9551048d42cef", "lessThan": "2fe08fcaacb7eb019fa9c81db39b2214de216677", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "8f840e47f190cbe61a96945c13e9551048d42cef", "lessThan": "89eac1e150dbd42963e13d23828cb8c4e0763196", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "8f840e47f190cbe61a96945c13e9551048d42cef", "lessThan": "95aef86ab231f047bb8085c70666059b58f53c09", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/sctp/diag.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "4.7", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "4.7", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.4.302", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.247", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.197", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.159", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.117", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.58", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.17.8", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.18", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.7", "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.302" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.7", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.247" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.7", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.197" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.159" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.117" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.58" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.17.8" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b106a68df0650b694b254427cd9250c04500edd3" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3006959371007fc2eae4a078f823c680fa52de1a" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72e3fea68eac8d088e44c3dd954e843478e9240e" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/584307275b2048991b2e8984962189b6cc0a9b85" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9119f243d9c0da3c3b5f577a328de3e7ffd1b42" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2fe08fcaacb7eb019fa9c81db39b2214de216677" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89eac1e150dbd42963e13d23828cb8c4e0763196" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/95aef86ab231f047bb8085c70666059b58f53c09" } ], "title": "sctp: Prevent TOCTOU out-of-bounds write", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "timestamp": "2026-06-16T19:58:03.978750Z", "id": "CVE-2025-40331", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "partial" } ], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3" } } } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T19:58:14.829Z" } } ] } }