{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-39972",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.149Z",
        "datePublished": "2025-10-15T07:55:54.929Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:06:41.675Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
                "shortName": "Linux",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:06:41.675Z"
            },
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ni40e: fix idx validation in i40e_validate_queue_map\n\nEnsure idx is within range of active/initialized TCs when iterating over\nvf->ch[idx] in i40e_validate_queue_map()."
                }
            ],
            "metrics": [
                {
                    "cvssV3_1": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 8.8,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH"
                    },
                    "scenarios": [
                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is the host PF driver's virtchnl mailbox handler, reached by a VF writing a `VIRTCHNL_OP_CONFIG_IRQ_MAP` message over PCIe, not by any network protocol. This is the standard local/guest-to-host vector used for SR-IOV VF-to-PF interface bugs.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls both preconditions from inside the VF — it sends `VIRTCHNL_OP_ENABLE_CHANNELS` with `num_tc < 4` and then a crafted `CONFIG_IRQ_MAP` with high queue-map bits set; the sequence is deterministic with no race or memory-layout dependency. The `spoofchk off` requirement is inherent to every deployment where ADq is used at all, i.e. exactly the deployments where the code is reachable.\nPR:L - The attacker needs only control of a VF that has been legitimately assigned to them — root inside their own guest VM or container, which is the normal granted privilege level of an SR-IOV tenant. No privilege on the host or in the PF's security authority is required, and the PF handler applies no capability or \"trusted VF\" check to this opcode.\nUI:N - The malicious VF driver sends the virtchnl messages entirely on its own initiative. No action by the host administrator or any other tenant is needed once a VF is assigned.\nS:C - The attacker is confined to a VF/guest security authority, but the bypassed validation causes the host PF driver to program hardware queue-interrupt registers (`I40E_QINT_RQCTL`/`I40E_QINT_TQCTL`) for queues outside the VF's allocation — resources owned by the PF (host) and by other VFs (other tenants). Impact therefore lands beyond the vulnerable component's security authority, as in a guest-to-host/cross-tenant escape.\nC:H - `i40e_vc_isvalid_queue_id()` is invoked with a stale/zero VSI id and performs no ownership check, letting a VF get its queue map validated against a VSI belonging to the PF or another VF and then attach foreign queues to its own MSI-X vector, exposing another tenant's data-path activity. Cross-tenant exposure of resources the VF has no right to observe warrants High.\nI:H - When the gate wrongly passes, `i40e_config_irq_link_list()` writes MMIO interrupt-control registers at PF-relative queue indices derived from unvalidated VF input, modifying hardware state owned by the PF and by other VFs. Unauthorized modification of another security authority's device configuration is a High integrity impact.\nA:H - Misprogramming `QINT_RQCTL`/`QINT_TQCTL` for queues belonging to the PF or other VFs breaks their Rx/Tx interrupt delivery, stalling the host's and co-tenant VMs' network data paths; queue contexts can also be pointed at `I40E_QUEUE_END_OF_LIST`, wedging the link list. A single unprivileged VF can repeat this at will, denying service to the whole port."
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "drivers/net/ethernet/intel/i40e/i40e_virtchnl_pf.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5",
                            "lessThan": "b6cb93a7ff208f324c7ec581d72995f80e115e0e",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5",
                            "lessThan": "6f15a7b34fae75e745bdc2ec05e06ddfd0dd2f3c",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5",
                            "lessThan": "34dfac0c904829967d500c51f216916ce1452957",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5",
                            "lessThan": "4d5e804a9e19b639b18fd13664dbad3c03c79e61",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5",
                            "lessThan": "50a1e2f50f6c22b93b94eb8d168a1be3c05bf5cd",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5",
                            "lessThan": "cc4191e8ef40d2249c1b9a8617d22ec8a976b574",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5",
                            "lessThan": "d4e3eaaa3cb3af77836d806c89cd6ebf533a7320",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "c27eac48160de72dee33d42b5a33cc7b8a2eb1f5",
                            "lessThan": "aa68d3c3ac8d1dcec40d52ae27e39f6d32207009",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "affected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "drivers/net/ethernet/intel/i40e/i40e_virtchnl_pf.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "4.17",
                            "status": "affected"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0",
                            "lessThan": "4.17",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.4.300",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.10.245",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.15.194",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.1.155",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.6.109",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.12.50",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.16.10",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.17",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "cpeApplicability": [
                {
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "operator": "OR",
                            "negate": false,
                            "cpeMatch": [
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.300"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.245"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.194"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.155"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.109"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.50"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.10"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.17"
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "references": [
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b6cb93a7ff208f324c7ec581d72995f80e115e0e"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6f15a7b34fae75e745bdc2ec05e06ddfd0dd2f3c"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/34dfac0c904829967d500c51f216916ce1452957"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d5e804a9e19b639b18fd13664dbad3c03c79e61"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50a1e2f50f6c22b93b94eb8d168a1be3c05bf5cd"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc4191e8ef40d2249c1b9a8617d22ec8a976b574"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d4e3eaaa3cb3af77836d806c89cd6ebf533a7320"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa68d3c3ac8d1dcec40d52ae27e39f6d32207009"
                }
            ],
            "title": "i40e: fix idx validation in i40e_validate_queue_map",
            "x_generator": {
                "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
            }
        }
    }
}