{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-39960",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.149Z",
        "datePublished": "2025-10-09T12:13:21.327Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:06:28.916Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
                "shortName": "Linux",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:06:28.916Z"
            },
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ngpiolib: acpi: initialize acpi_gpio_info struct\n\nSince commit 7c010d463372 (\"gpiolib: acpi: Make sure we fill struct\nacpi_gpio_info\"), uninitialized acpi_gpio_info struct are passed to\n__acpi_find_gpio() and later in the call stack info->quirks is used in\nacpi_populate_gpio_lookup. This breaks the i2c_hid_cpi driver:\n\n[   58.122916] i2c_hid_acpi i2c-UNIW0001:00: HID over i2c has not been provided an Int IRQ\n[   58.123097] i2c_hid_acpi i2c-UNIW0001:00: probe with driver i2c_hid_acpi failed with error -22\n\nFix this by initializing the acpi_gpio_info pass to __acpi_find_gpio()"
                }
            ],
            "metrics": [
                {
                    "cvssV3_1": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 7.3,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH"
                    },
                    "scenarios": [
                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached only through local device enumeration/driver probe (`gpiod_find_and_request()` → `acpi_find_gpio()`), triggered at boot, on ACPI hotplug, or via local sysfs driver bind/unbind. There is no network- or peer-supplied data on the path.\nAC:L - On affected ACPI firmware the misbehavior reproduces deterministically every probe (the reporter hit it on every boot), and an attacker able to trigger a re-probe can groom the kernel stack so the desired quirk bits land at the uninitialized `info.quirks` offset. No condition outside attacker influence is required.\nPR:L - Reaching a GPIO probe path requires a local account on the system; unprivileged users cannot obtain the ACPI/GPIO subsystem privileges through user namespaces, but the resulting misconfiguration is already present system-wide from boot and is observable/abusable by any local low-privileged user.\nUI:N - The uninitialized struct is consumed automatically during device probe and ACPI resource enumeration; no victim action such as opening a file or mounting a filesystem is needed.\nS:U - The impact stays within the kernel's own security authority — misconfigured GPIO descriptors and driver state — with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:L - The uninitialized `quirks` bits are never copied to userspace, but they determine which GPIO line is claimed and with which polarity/active-low flags, state that is observable through gpiochip line info, exposing a small amount of residual kernel stack content indirectly.\nI:H - With `ACPI_GPIO_QUIRK_ABSOLUTE_NUMBER` spuriously set, `gpio_to_desc()` hands the driver a descriptor for an arbitrary global GPIO line on an unrelated controller, which the driver then configures and drives; combined with `NO_IO_RESTRICTION` discarding the firmware's declared direction, the kernel modifies hardware state (resets, power enables, relay/motor outputs on embedded, industrial, and automotive platforms) that it was never authorized to touch.\nA:H - The confirmed effect is device probe failure making hardware unusable (i2c_hid_acpi input device dead with -EINVAL), and driving an arbitrary unrelated GPIO — such as a reset or power-enable line — can reset or hang the platform outright."
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "drivers/gpio/gpiolib-acpi-core.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "7c010d463372140006bf96985a306d6cbfc6e118",
                            "lessThan": "27d94a2a52cbb54927c0140bd5b978c56e9a283a",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "7c010d463372140006bf96985a306d6cbfc6e118",
                            "lessThan": "19c839a98c731169f06d32e7c9e00c78a0086ebe",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "affected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "drivers/gpio/gpiolib-acpi-core.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "6.16",
                            "status": "affected"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0",
                            "lessThan": "6.16",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.16.9",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.17",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "cpeApplicability": [
                {
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "operator": "OR",
                            "negate": false,
                            "cpeMatch": [
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "6.16",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.9"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "6.16",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.17"
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "references": [
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/27d94a2a52cbb54927c0140bd5b978c56e9a283a"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/19c839a98c731169f06d32e7c9e00c78a0086ebe"
                }
            ],
            "title": "gpiolib: acpi: initialize acpi_gpio_info struct",
            "x_generator": {
                "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
            }
        }
    }
}