{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-39744",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.120Z",
        "datePublished": "2025-09-11T16:52:17.725Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:35:26.395Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
                "shortName": "Linux",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:35:26.395Z"
            },
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nrcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work\n\nDuring rcu_read_unlock_special(), if this happens during irq_exit(), we\ncan lockup if an IPI is issued. This is because the IPI itself triggers\nthe irq_exit() path causing a recursive lock up.\n\nThis is precisely what Xiongfeng found when invoking a BPF program on\nthe trace_tick_stop() tracepoint As shown in the trace below. Fix by\nmanaging the irq_work state correctly.\n\nirq_exit()\n  __irq_exit_rcu()\n    /* in_hardirq() returns false after this */\n    preempt_count_sub(HARDIRQ_OFFSET)\n    tick_irq_exit()\n      tick_nohz_irq_exit()\n\t    tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick()\n\t      trace_tick_stop()  /* a bpf prog is hooked on this trace point */\n\t\t   __bpf_trace_tick_stop()\n\t\t      bpf_trace_run2()\n\t\t\t    rcu_read_unlock_special()\n                              /* will send a IPI to itself */\n\t\t\t      irq_work_queue_on(&rdp->defer_qs_iw, rdp->cpu);\n\nA simple reproducer can also be obtained by doing the following in\ntick_irq_exit(). It will hang on boot without the patch:\n\n  static inline void tick_irq_exit(void)\n  {\n +\trcu_read_lock();\n +\tWRITE_ONCE(current->rcu_read_unlock_special.b.need_qs, true);\n +\trcu_read_unlock();\n +\n\n[neeraj: Apply Frederic's suggested fix for PREEMPT_RT]"
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "kernel/rcu/tree.h",
                        "kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d",
                            "lessThan": "e7a375453cca2b8a0d2fa1b82b913f3fed7c0507",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d",
                            "lessThan": "1cfa244f7198d325594e627574930b7b91df5bfe",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d",
                            "lessThan": "ddebb2a7677673cf4438a04e1a48b8ed6b0c8e9a",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d",
                            "lessThan": "56c5ef194f4509df63fc0f7a91ea5973ce479b1e",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d",
                            "lessThan": "b41642c87716bbd09797b1e4ea7d904f06c39b7b",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "affected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "kernel/rcu/tree.h",
                        "kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "5.3",
                            "status": "affected"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0",
                            "lessThan": "5.3",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.6.103",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.12.43",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.15.11",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.16.2",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.17",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "cpeApplicability": [
                {
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "operator": "OR",
                            "negate": false,
                            "cpeMatch": [
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.103"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.43"
                                },
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                                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.11"
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                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.17"
                                }
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                    ]
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            ],
            "references": [
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7a375453cca2b8a0d2fa1b82b913f3fed7c0507"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1cfa244f7198d325594e627574930b7b91df5bfe"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ddebb2a7677673cf4438a04e1a48b8ed6b0c8e9a"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/56c5ef194f4509df63fc0f7a91ea5973ce479b1e"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b41642c87716bbd09797b1e4ea7d904f06c39b7b"
                }
            ],
            "title": "rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work",
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}