{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-38580", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.026Z", "datePublished": "2025-08-19T17:03:03.018Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:07.727Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:07.727Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\next4: fix inode use after free in ext4_end_io_rsv_work()\n\nIn ext4_io_end_defer_completion(), check if io_end->list_vec is empty to\navoid adding an io_end that requires no conversion to the\ni_rsv_conversion_list, which in turn prevents starting an unnecessary\nworker. An ext4_emergency_state() check is also added to avoid attempting\nto abort the journal in an emergency state.\n\nAdditionally, ext4_put_io_end_defer() is refactored to call\next4_io_end_defer_completion() directly instead of being open-coded.\nThis also prevents starting an unnecessary worker when EXT4_IO_END_FAILED\nis set but data_err=abort is not enabled.\n\nThis ensures that the check in ext4_put_io_end_defer() is consistent with\nthe check in ext4_end_bio(). Otherwise, we might add an io_end to the\ni_rsv_conversion_list and then call ext4_finish_bio(), after which the\ninode could be freed before ext4_end_io_rsv_work() is called, triggering\na use-after-free issue." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is entered by ordinary buffered writes to a file on a locally mounted ext4 filesystem, reached through the write()/writeback path with no network protocol involved. Filesystem writeback bugs of this class are local-access only.\nAC:L - The vulnerable predicate mismatch is hit under the default data_err=ignore mount option with no rare config required, and the attacker controls the decisive side of the race — after ext4_finish_bio() clears writeback, they force inode eviction via unlink+close while stalling the rsv_conversion workqueue. Writeback bio failures are themselves inducible locally (dm-thin/thin-pool ENOSPC by writing data, network block devices, removable media, worn eMMC on embedded/automotive).\nPR:L - Any unprivileged local user with write access to any ext4 filesystem (home directory, /tmp, a container overlay upper dir) can drive buffered writeback into ext4_end_bio(). No capability, ioctl, mount privilege, or user-namespace trick is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker writes and unlinks their own files and triggers eviction themselves; no victim action, no mounting of a crafted image, and no cooperation from another user is required.\nS:U - The freed ext4_inode_info and the dangling io_end->inode dereference are both kernel objects in the same security authority as the attacking process, with no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed. This is standard local kernel memory corruption.\nC:H - ext4_end_io_end() reads the freed inode's i_sb and dereferences EXT4_SB(sb)->s_journal, so grooming the reclaimed ext4_inode_cachep slot turns the stale pointer into an attacker-directed kernel read that can be used for disclosure. Per kernel scoring guidance a use-after-free giving control over freed object contents is High.\nI:H - The worker performs writes into freed memory — process_one_work() updates work->data, and ext4_do_flush_completed_IO() takes i_completed_io_lock and does list_replace_init() on the freed list head — so a reallocated live inode has its i_rsv_conversion_list hijacked, yielding list corruption and io_end double-free primitives suitable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - Even unexploited, the use-after-free reliably produces a KASAN splat, oops, or panic in ext4_end_io_rsv_work(), and taking a spinlock inside freed/reused memory can hang the rsv_conversion workqueue. Any kernel crash is scored High." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "fs/ext4/page-io.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "ce51afb8cc5e1867ea0dfdf5e92ddbe31a1fad5d", "lessThan": "ac999862b98a0f49e858e509f776be51406f1e77", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ce51afb8cc5e1867ea0dfdf5e92ddbe31a1fad5d", "lessThan": "469c44e66e2110054949609dde095788320139d0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ce51afb8cc5e1867ea0dfdf5e92ddbe31a1fad5d", "lessThan": "c678bdc998754589cea2e6afab9401d7d8312ac4", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "fs/ext4/page-io.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "6.15", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "6.15", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.15.10", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.16.1", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.17", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.10" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.1" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.17" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac999862b98a0f49e858e509f776be51406f1e77" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/469c44e66e2110054949609dde095788320139d0" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c678bdc998754589cea2e6afab9401d7d8312ac4" } ], "title": "ext4: fix inode use after free in ext4_end_io_rsv_work()", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } } } }