01 Record

CVE-2025-38528

bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers

HighPUBLISHEDCNA: Linux

CNA base score7.1 CVSS v3.xCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

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02 Description

bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers

03 Exploitation and scoring

Exploitation

Assessed, none found. CISA's assessment recorded neither public exploit code nor evidence of exploitation when it was made.

SSVC decision

ExploitationnoneCISA recorded no public exploit code and no evidence of exploitation.
AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
Technical ImpactpartialSuccessful exploitation gives limited control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

0.17% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Equal to or higher than the score of 6.1% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

5.5 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

NVD analysis status

Modified. NVD last modified this record on 2026-10-15.

Red Hat severity

Low. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

04 Metadata

Published

2025-08-16 11:12Z1 YR AGO

Last updated

2026-10-15 21:52Z13 DAYS AGO

Reserved

2025-04-16

Assigning CNA

Linux

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

High (CVSS 7.1)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

Weaknesses

CWE-134Use of Externally-Controlled Format StringBase

Data version

5.2

Document digest

b6d998161a3444ea430305c5fdeae33166728d03064b018496862a48732e5403

05 Affected products

VendorProductVersionsPlatforms

LinuxLinux48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 to < 97303e541e12f1fea97834ec64b98991e8775f39, 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 to < 61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4, 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 to < e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289, 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 to < 6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9, 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 to < 1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8, 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 to < f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58, 5.13—

06 References

git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/97303e541e12f1fea97834ec64b98991e8775f39
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58
lists.debian.orghttps://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html

07 Fixed in

Debian 12

linux
Fixed in 6.1.147-1

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 13

linux
Fixed in 6.12.41-1

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 14

linux
Fixed in 6.16.3-1

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.