{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-38502", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.022Z", "datePublished": "2025-08-16T09:34:25.135Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:02:29.487Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:02:29.487Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix oob access in cgroup local storage\n\nLonial reported that an out-of-bounds access in cgroup local storage\ncan be crafted via tail calls. Given two programs each utilizing a\ncgroup local storage with a different value size, and one program\ndoing a tail call into the other. The verifier will validate each of\nthe indivial programs just fine. However, in the runtime context\nthe bpf_cg_run_ctx holds an bpf_prog_array_item which contains the\nBPF program as well as any cgroup local storage flavor the program\nuses. Helpers such as bpf_get_local_storage() pick this up from the\nruntime context:\n\n ctx = container_of(current->bpf_ctx, struct bpf_cg_run_ctx, run_ctx);\n storage = ctx->prog_item->cgroup_storage[stype];\n\n if (stype == BPF_CGROUP_STORAGE_SHARED)\n ptr = &READ_ONCE(storage->buf)->data[0];\n else\n ptr = this_cpu_ptr(storage->percpu_buf);\n\nFor the second program which was called from the originally attached\none, this means bpf_get_local_storage() will pick up the former\nprogram's map, not its own. With mismatching sizes, this can result\nin an unintended out-of-bounds access.\n\nTo fix this issue, we need to extend bpf_map_owner with an array of\nstorage_cookie[] to match on i) the exact maps from the original\nprogram if the second program was using bpf_get_local_storage(), or\nii) allow the tail call combination if the second program was not\nusing any of the cgroup local storage maps." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through the bpf() syscall (loading maps/programs and invoking them via BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN or an attached hook), which requires local access to the system.\nAC:L - Exploitation is fully deterministic — the attacker crafts both programs, chooses the mismatched storage value sizes, and controls the tail-call chain; there is no race or attacker-uncontrolled condition.\nPR:L - The cgroup-storage maps, the prog-array, and the CGROUP_SKB program are all creatable/loadable without CAP_BPF, and BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN executes them with no capability check, so a basic unprivileged local user can trigger it on a kernel with unprivileged BPF enabled.\nUI:N - The attacker loads and runs the BPF programs itself; no action by any other user is required.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access corrupts kernel heap memory within the same kernel security authority; it does not cross a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - The mismatched sizes yield a controllable out-of-bounds read of adjacent kernel heap memory (bpf_get_local_storage returns a map-value pointer read by the program), enabling disclosure of sensitive kernel data.\nI:H - The returned pointer is a writable RET_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE, so program B writes past A's smaller buffer, giving a controllable heap out-of-bounds write suitable for corruption and privilege escalation.\nA:H - The out-of-bounds heap read/write readily corrupts adjacent kernel structures, causing oops/panic and denial of service." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "include/linux/bpf.h", "kernel/bpf/core.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0", "lessThan": "c1c74584b9b4043c52e41fec415226e582d266a3", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0", "lessThan": "66da7cee78590259b400e51a70622ccd41da7bb2", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0", "lessThan": "7acfa07c585e3d7a64654d38f0a5c762877d0b9b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0", "lessThan": "41688d1fc5d163a6c2c0e95c0419e2cb31a44648", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0", "lessThan": "19341d5c59e8c7e8528e40f8663e99d67810473c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0", "lessThan": "abad3d0bad72a52137e0c350c59542d75ae4f513", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "include/linux/bpf.h", "kernel/bpf/core.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "5.9", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "5.9", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.192", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.151", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.105", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.46", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.16.1", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.17", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.9", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.192" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.151" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.105" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.46" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.1" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.17" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c1c74584b9b4043c52e41fec415226e582d266a3" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/66da7cee78590259b400e51a70622ccd41da7bb2" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7acfa07c585e3d7a64654d38f0a5c762877d0b9b" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/41688d1fc5d163a6c2c0e95c0419e2cb31a44648" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/19341d5c59e8c7e8528e40f8663e99d67810473c" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/abad3d0bad72a52137e0c350c59542d75ae4f513" } ], "title": "bpf: Fix oob access in cgroup local storage", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [ { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html" } ], "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:39:11.518Z" } }, { "x_adpType": "supplier", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "shortName": "siemens-SADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T12:05:13.025Z" }, "affected": [ { "vendor": "Siemens", "product": "SIMATIC CN 4100", "versions": [ { "status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "V5.0", "versionType": "custom" } ], "defaultStatus": "unknown" } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html" } ] } ] } }