{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-38500", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.022Z", "datePublished": "2025-08-12T16:02:42.363Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:02:27.344Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:02:27.344Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface\n\ncollect_md property on xfrm interfaces can only be set on device creation,\nthus xfrmi_changelink() should fail when called on such interfaces.\n\nThe check to enforce this was done only in the case where the xi was\nreturned from xfrmi_locate() which doesn't look for the collect_md\ninterface, and thus the validation was never reached.\n\nCalling changelink would thus errornously place the special interface xi\nin the xfrmi_net->xfrmi hash, but since it also exists in the\nxfrmi_net->collect_md_xfrmi pointer it would lead to a double free when\nthe net namespace was taken down [1].\n\nChange the check to use the xi from netdev_priv which is available earlier\nin the function to prevent changes in xfrm collect_md interfaces.\n\n[1] resulting oops:\n[ 8.516540] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12029!\n[ 8.516552] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n[ 8.516559] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 12 Comm: kworker/u80:0 Not tainted 6.15.0-virtme #5 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n[ 8.516565] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n[ 8.516569] Workqueue: netns cleanup_net\n[ 8.516579] RIP: 0010:unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x101/0xab0\n[ 8.516590] Code: 90 0f 0b 90 48 8b b0 78 01 00 00 48 8b 90 80 01 00 00 48 89 56 08 48 89 32 4c 89 80 78 01 00 00 48 89 b8 80 01 00 00 eb ac 90 <0f> 0b 48 8b 45 00 4c 8d a0 88 fe ff ff 48 39 c5 74 5c 41 80 bc 24\n[ 8.516593] RSP: 0018:ffffa93b8006bd30 EFLAGS: 00010206\n[ 8.516598] RAX: ffff98fe4226e000 RBX: ffffa93b8006bd58 RCX: ffffa93b8006bc60\n[ 8.516601] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: dead000000000122\n[ 8.516603] RBP: ffffa93b8006bdd8 R08: dead000000000100 R09: ffff98fe4133c100\n[ 8.516605] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000000003d2 R12: ffffa93b8006be00\n[ 8.516608] R13: ffffffff96c1a510 R14: ffffffff96c1a510 R15: ffffa93b8006be00\n[ 8.516615] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff98fee73b7000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[ 8.516619] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[ 8.516622] CR2: 00007fcd2abd0700 CR3: 000000003aa40000 CR4: 0000000000752ef0\n[ 8.516625] PKRU: 55555554\n[ 8.516627] Call Trace:\n[ 8.516632] \n[ 8.516635] ? rtnl_is_locked+0x15/0x20\n[ 8.516641] ? unregister_netdevice_queue+0x29/0xf0\n[ 8.516650] ops_undo_list+0x1f2/0x220\n[ 8.516659] cleanup_net+0x1ad/0x2e0\n[ 8.516664] process_one_work+0x160/0x380\n[ 8.516673] worker_thread+0x2aa/0x3c0\n[ 8.516679] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516686] kthread+0xfb/0x200\n[ 8.516690] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516693] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516697] ret_from_fork+0x82/0xf0\n[ 8.516705] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n[ 8.516709] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n[ 8.516718] " } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is triggered through local rtnetlink configuration (RTM_NEWLINK changelink) plus namespace teardown; there is no remote/network packet path to reach it.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the entire sequence (create collect_md interface, changelink, destroy netns) with no race or uncontrolled condition, making triggering reliable.\nPR:L - The path requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, but this is obtainable by an unprivileged local user via an unprivileged user namespace (unshare -Urn), which grants CAP_NET_ADMIN over the new netns.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required; the attacker performs every step, and the fatal double-free occurs on the attacker-initiated namespace teardown.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel's own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - A double-free/use-after-free of a net_device lets an attacker reclaim and control freed-object contents, which can be leveraged into arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The dangling/reused net_device provides a heap-manipulation primitive enabling arbitrary write and control-flow hijacking, not just data corruption.\nA:H - The bug reliably produces a kernel BUG/oops (invalid opcode at net/core/dev.c:12029) during namespace cleanup, crashing the kernel." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/xfrm/xfrm_interface_core.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0", "lessThan": "a8d4748b954584ab7bd800f1a4e46d5b0eeb5ce4", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0", "lessThan": "bfebdb85496e1da21d3cf05de099210915c3e706", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0", "lessThan": "5918c3f4800a3aef2173865e5903370f21e24f47", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0", "lessThan": "69a31f7a6a81f5ffd3812c442e09ff0be22960f1", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "abc340b38ba25cd6c7aa2c0bd9150d30738c82d0", "lessThan": "a90b2a1aaacbcf0f91d7e4868ad6c51c5dee814b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/xfrm/xfrm_interface_core.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "6.1", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "6.1", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.148", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.101", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.41", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.15.9", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.16", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.148" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.101" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.41" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1", "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.9" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8d4748b954584ab7bd800f1a4e46d5b0eeb5ce4" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfebdb85496e1da21d3cf05de099210915c3e706" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5918c3f4800a3aef2173865e5903370f21e24f47" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/69a31f7a6a81f5ffd3812c442e09ff0be22960f1" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a90b2a1aaacbcf0f91d7e4868ad6c51c5dee814b" } ], "title": "xfrm: interface: fix use-after-free after changing collect_md xfrm interface", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-416", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free" } ] } ], "metrics": [ { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "timestamp": "2025-10-01T18:10:59.896187Z", "id": "CVE-2025-38500", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "total" } ], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3" } } } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-04T14:29:22.522Z" } }, { "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [ { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html" } ], "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:39:09.573Z" } } ] } }