{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-38154",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.990Z",
        "datePublished": "2025-07-03T08:35:57.188Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:59:54.410Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
                "shortName": "Linux",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:59:54.410Z"
            },
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf, sockmap: Avoid using sk_socket after free when sending\n\nThe sk->sk_socket is not locked or referenced in backlog thread, and\nduring the call to skb_send_sock(), there is a race condition with\nthe release of sk_socket. All types of sockets(tcp/udp/unix/vsock)\nwill be affected.\n\nRace conditions:\n'''\nCPU0                               CPU1\n\nbacklog::skb_send_sock\n  sendmsg_unlocked\n    sock_sendmsg\n      sock_sendmsg_nosec\n                                   close(fd):\n                                     ...\n                                     ops->release() -> sock_map_close()\n                                     sk_socket->ops = NULL\n                                     free(socket)\n      sock->ops->sendmsg\n            ^\n            panic here\n'''\n\nThe ref of psock become 0 after sock_map_close() executed.\n'''\nvoid sock_map_close()\n{\n    ...\n    if (likely(psock)) {\n    ...\n    // !! here we remove psock and the ref of psock become 0\n    sock_map_remove_links(sk, psock)\n    psock = sk_psock_get(sk);\n    if (unlikely(!psock))\n        goto no_psock; <=== Control jumps here via goto\n        ...\n        cancel_delayed_work_sync(&psock->work); <=== not executed\n        sk_psock_put(sk, psock);\n        ...\n}\n'''\n\nBased on the fact that we already wait for the workqueue to finish in\nsock_map_close() if psock is held, we simply increase the psock\nreference count to avoid race conditions.\n\nWith this patch, if the backlog thread is running, sock_map_close() will\nwait for the backlog thread to complete and cancel all pending work.\n\nIf no backlog running, any pending work that hasn't started by then will\nfail when invoked by sk_psock_get(), as the psock reference count have\nbeen zeroed, and sk_psock_drop() will cancel all jobs via\ncancel_delayed_work_sync().\n\nIn summary, we require synchronization to coordinate the backlog thread\nand close() thread.\n\nThe panic I catched:\n'''\nWorkqueue: events sk_psock_backlog\nRIP: 0010:sock_sendmsg+0x21d/0x440\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffc9000521fad8 RCX: 0000000000000001\n...\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n ? die_addr+0x40/0xa0\n ? exc_general_protection+0x14c/0x230\n ? asm_exc_general_protection+0x26/0x30\n ? sock_sendmsg+0x21d/0x440\n ? sock_sendmsg+0x3e0/0x440\n ? __pfx_sock_sendmsg+0x10/0x10\n __skb_send_sock+0x543/0xb70\n sk_psock_backlog+0x247/0xb80\n...\n'''"
                }
            ],
            "metrics": [
                {
                    "cvssV3_1": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 7.8,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH"
                    },
                    "scenarios": [
                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "value": "AV:L - The race is closed by a local `close(fd)` on a sockmap-enrolled socket concurrent with the BPF backlog worker; while remote peer data drives the backlog side, the attacker must be local to control the socket lifetime. BPF/sockmap is Local per kernel scoring guidance.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race — it generates the redirected traffic that schedules `sk_psock_backlog()` and picks the `close()` timing — and can repeat the attempt in a tight loop until it wins. No condition outside its influence is required.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local process suffices in the real deployments of this feature (Cilium/Istio sockops redirect, BPF-token-delegated containers), where a privileged agent enrols workload sockets into the sockmap and the attacker only needs to send/redirect data and close its own fd.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed; the attacker drives both the traffic and the close from its own process.\nS:U - The use-after-free and any resulting corruption remain within the kernel's own security authority, with no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - Use-after-free on `struct socket` — the freed object can be resprayed from `sock_inode_cachep`, causing redirected payload to be transmitted through a stale/attacker-influenced socket and permitting kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `security_socket_sendmsg()` and `READ_ONCE(sock->ops)->sendmsg` dereference and indirect-call through a pointer loaded from freed memory, giving a control-flow hijack primitive once the freed `struct socket` is reclaimed with attacker-groomed contents.\nA:H - The maintainer reproduced a general-protection fault in `sock_sendmsg()` from the `sk_psock_backlog` workqueue; the NULLed `sock->ops` alone guarantees a fatal kernel oops in worker context."
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "net/core/skmsg.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "4959ffc65a0e94f8acaac20deac49f89e6ded52d",
                            "lessThan": "4edb40b05cb6a261775abfd8046804ca139a5546",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5eabdf17fed2ad41b836bb4055ec36d95e512c50",
                            "lessThan": "b19cbf0b9a91f5a0d93fbcd761ff71c48ab40ed9",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "e946428439a0d2079959f5603256ac51b6047017",
                            "lessThan": "4c6fa65ab2aec7df94809478c8d28ef38676a1b7",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "4b4647add7d3c8530493f7247d11e257ee425bf0",
                            "lessThan": "15c0250dae3b48a398447d2b364603821ed4ed90",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "4b4647add7d3c8530493f7247d11e257ee425bf0",
                            "lessThan": "7c0a16f6ea2b1c82a03bccd5d1bdb4a7bbd4d987",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
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                            "version": "4b4647add7d3c8530493f7247d11e257ee425bf0",
                            "lessThan": "8259eb0e06d8f64c700f5fbdb28a5c18e10de291",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "3627605de498639a3c586c8684d12c89cba11073",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.15.162",
                            "lessThan": "5.15.186",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.1.95",
                            "lessThan": "6.1.142",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.6.35",
                            "lessThan": "6.6.94",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.9.6",
                            "lessThan": "6.10",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "affected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "net/core/skmsg.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "6.10",
                            "status": "affected"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0",
                            "lessThan": "6.10",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.15.186",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.1.142",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.6.94",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.12.34",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.15.3",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.16",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "cpeApplicability": [
                {
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "operator": "OR",
                            "negate": false,
                            "cpeMatch": [
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                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.186"
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                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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            "references": [
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                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4edb40b05cb6a261775abfd8046804ca139a5546"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b19cbf0b9a91f5a0d93fbcd761ff71c48ab40ed9"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4c6fa65ab2aec7df94809478c8d28ef38676a1b7"
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                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8259eb0e06d8f64c700f5fbdb28a5c18e10de291"
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            ],
            "title": "bpf, sockmap: Avoid using sk_socket after free when sending",
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        "adp": [
            {
                "title": "CVE Program Container",
                "references": [
                    {
                        "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
                    }
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                "providerMetadata": {
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                    "shortName": "CVE",
                    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:34:44.423Z"
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}