{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-37838", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.952Z", "datePublished": "2025-04-18T14:20:55.389Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:57:47.833Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:57:47.833Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nHSI: ssi_protocol: Fix use after free vulnerability in ssi_protocol Driver Due to Race Condition\n\nIn the ssi_protocol_probe() function, &ssi->work is bound with\nssip_xmit_work(), In ssip_pn_setup(), the ssip_pn_xmit() function\nwithin the ssip_pn_ops structure is capable of starting the\nwork.\n\nIf we remove the module which will call ssi_protocol_remove()\nto make a cleanup, it will free ssi through kfree(ssi),\nwhile the work mentioned above will be used. The sequence\nof operations that may lead to a UAF bug is as follows:\n\nCPU0 CPU1\n\n | ssip_xmit_work\nssi_protocol_remove |\nkfree(ssi); |\n | struct hsi_client *cl = ssi->cl;\n | // use ssi\n\nFix it by ensuring that the work is canceled before proceeding\nwith the cleanup in ssi_protocol_remove()." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable work item is armed only through the local phonet netdev transmit path (`ssip_pn_xmit()` via a local socket) and the free occurs on local driver teardown (unbind/module removal or interface down); no remote peer data reaches this code.\nAC:L - The attacker directly controls the arming side of the race by continuously queuing TX packets so `ssip_xmit_work()` is pending/running, and can repeat the teardown trigger indefinitely until the window is hit, so success does not depend on conditions outside the attacker's influence.\nPR:L - Reaching `ssip_pn_xmit()` requires only a local process able to transmit on the phonet interface (a packet/phonet socket capability), not full administrative control of the system; per the higher-severity rule this is scored as low rather than high privileges.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed — the attacker queues transmit work and the teardown/reset path executes without any user having to open a file, mount, or interact.\nS:U - The use-after-free is confined to kernel heap memory within the same security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - The freed `struct ssi_protocol` is dereferenced for `ssi->cl` and its list heads after `kfree()`; by reclaiming the slab the attacker controls the pointers that are followed and dereferenced, yielding an arbitrary kernel memory read primitive.\nI:H - The post-free code writes into the freed object (`spin_lock_bh(&ssi->lock)`, `list_del()` unlink, `ssi->txid++`, `send_state`) and calls `mod_timer()` on `timer_list` structures inside reclaimed memory, so attacker-sprayed data supplies a timer function pointer and unlink write — a control-flow hijack / arbitrary write primitive.\nA:H - Even unexploited, the use-after-free reliably causes memory corruption, a `BUG_ON(list_empty(&ssi->cmdqueue))` panic, or an oops on the freed list/timer state, crashing the kernel." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/hsi/clients/ssi_protocol.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "df26d639e2f4628732a8da5a0f71e4e652ce809b", "lessThan": "d03abc1c2b21324550fa71e12d53e7d3498e0af6", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "df26d639e2f4628732a8da5a0f71e4e652ce809b", "lessThan": "4a8c29beb8a02b5a0a9d77d608aa14b6f88a6b86", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "df26d639e2f4628732a8da5a0f71e4e652ce809b", "lessThan": "72972552d0d0bfeb2dec5daf343a19018db36ffa", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "df26d639e2f4628732a8da5a0f71e4e652ce809b", "lessThan": "d58493832e284f066e559b8da5ab20c15a2801d3", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "df26d639e2f4628732a8da5a0f71e4e652ce809b", "lessThan": "58eb29dba712ab0f13af59ca2fe545f5ce360e78", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "df26d639e2f4628732a8da5a0f71e4e652ce809b", "lessThan": "ae5a6a0b425e8f76a9f0677e50796e494e89b088", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "df26d639e2f4628732a8da5a0f71e4e652ce809b", "lessThan": "834e602d0cc7c743bfce734fad4a46cefc0f9ab1", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "df26d639e2f4628732a8da5a0f71e4e652ce809b", "lessThan": "4b4194c9a7a8f92db39e8e86c85f4fb12ebbec4f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "df26d639e2f4628732a8da5a0f71e4e652ce809b", "lessThan": "e3f88665a78045fe35c7669d2926b8d97b892c11", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/hsi/clients/ssi_protocol.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "4.8", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "4.8", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.4.293", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.237", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.181", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.135", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.88", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.24", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.13.12", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.14.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.15", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.8", "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.293" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.8", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.237" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.8", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.181" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.135" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.88" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.24" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.12" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.3" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.15" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d03abc1c2b21324550fa71e12d53e7d3498e0af6" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a8c29beb8a02b5a0a9d77d608aa14b6f88a6b86" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72972552d0d0bfeb2dec5daf343a19018db36ffa" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d58493832e284f066e559b8da5ab20c15a2801d3" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58eb29dba712ab0f13af59ca2fe545f5ce360e78" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae5a6a0b425e8f76a9f0677e50796e494e89b088" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/834e602d0cc7c743bfce734fad4a46cefc0f9ab1" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4b4194c9a7a8f92db39e8e86c85f4fb12ebbec4f" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3f88665a78045fe35c7669d2926b8d97b892c11" } ], "title": "HSI: ssi_protocol: Fix use after free vulnerability in ssi_protocol Driver Due to Race Condition", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.8, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH" } }, { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "id": "CVE-2025-37838", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "total" } ], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-04-21T14:38:43.871416Z" } } } ], "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-416", "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free" } ] } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-04-21T14:41:43.037Z" } }, { "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [ { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html" }, { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html" } ], "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:56:09.541Z" } } ] } }