CVE-2025-31191

Exploitation

Assessed, none found. CISA's assessment recorded neither public exploit code nor evidence of exploitation when it was made.

SSVC decision

• ExploitationnoneCISA recorded no public exploit code and no evidence of exploitation.
• AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
• Technical ImpactpartialSuccessful exploitation gives limited control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

0.46% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Equal to or higher than the score of 40.3% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

5.5 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

NVD analysis status

Modified. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.

Red Hat severity

No Red Hat rating. Red Hat rates the CVEs that affect its products.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

Published

2025-03-31 22:24Z1 YR AGO

Last updated

2026-07-23 15:54Z3 MO AGO

Reserved

2025-03-27

Assigning CNA

apple

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

Medium (CVSS 5.5)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Weaknesses

• CWE-200Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized ActorClass

Data version

5.2

Document digest

5ff0c4565c36646b6218cf60454c051c4ec185bae9d0ee15c4ee9d011d7c4bcd

• support.apple.comhttps://support.apple.com/en-us/122371
• support.apple.comhttps://support.apple.com/en-us/122373
• support.apple.comhttps://support.apple.com/en-us/122374
• support.apple.comhttps://support.apple.com/en-us/122375
• support.apple.comhttps://support.apple.com/en-us/122376
• support.apple.comhttps://support.apple.com/en-us/122377
• www.microsoft.comhttps://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2025/05/01/analyzing-cve-2025-31191-a-macos-security-scoped-bookmarks-based-sandbox-escape/
• seclists.orghttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/13
• seclists.orghttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/10
• seclists.orghttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/9
• seclists.orghttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/8
• seclists.orghttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/4
• seclists.orghttp://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/11