CVE-2025-25291

Exploitation

Public exploit code exists. CISA's assessment records a public proof of concept. That is not a report of exploitation in the wild.

SSVC decision

• ExploitationpocPublic proof-of-concept exploit code exists. Not a report of exploitation in the wild.
• AutomatableyesAn attacker can reliably automate reconnaissance through exploitation, so this scales.
• Technical ImpacttotalSuccessful exploitation gives total control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

20.96% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Equal to or higher than the score of 97.5% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

9.3 (CVSS v4.0), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

NVD analysis status

Modified. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.

Red Hat severity

No Red Hat rating. Red Hat rates the CVEs that affect its products.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

Published

2025-03-12 20:16Z1 YR AGO

Last updated

2025-11-03 19:44Z11 MO AGO

Reserved

2025-02-06

Assigning CNA

GitHub_M

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

Critical (CVSS 9.3)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Weaknesses

• CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic SignatureBase
• CWE-436Interpretation ConflictClass

Data version

5.2

Document digest

4b901ff50ba2188a518d19e48cfc4bf08bf9de36b4ac7077ee5b5cd3ba44cfd1

• github.comhttps://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jmx_refsource_CONFIRM
• github.comhttps://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xvx_refsource_MISC
• github.comhttps://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9x_refsource_MISC
• github.comhttps://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97x_refsource_MISC
• about.gitlab.comhttps://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-releasedx_refsource_MISC
• github.bloghttps://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentialsx_refsource_MISC
• github.comhttps://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4x_refsource_MISC
• github.comhttps://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0x_refsource_MISC
• portswigger.nethttps://portswigger.net/research/saml-roulette-the-hacker-always-winsx_refsource_MISC
• securitylab.github.comhttps://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2024-329_GHSL-2024-330_ruby-samlx_refsource_MISC
• security.netapp.comhttps://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0010/
• news.ycombinator.comhttps://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43374519
• lists.debian.orghttps://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00011.html