{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-22087", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.817Z", "datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:12:35.359Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:41.027Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:41.027Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix array bounds error with may_goto\n\nmay_goto uses an additional 8 bytes on the stack, which causes the\ninterpreters[] array to go out of bounds when calculating index by\nstack_size.\n\n1. If a BPF program is rewritten, re-evaluate the stack size. For non-JIT\ncases, reject loading directly.\n\n2. For non-JIT cases, calculating interpreters[idx] may still cause\nout-of-bounds array access, and just warn about it.\n\n3. For jit_requested cases, the execution of bpf_func also needs to be\nwarned. So move the definition of function __bpf_prog_ret0_warn out of\nthe macro definition CONFIG_BPF_JIT_ALWAYS_ON." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through the `bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD)` syscall and triggered by running the loaded program (e.g. via `SO_ATTACH_BPF` on a local socket). No network-facing service parses attacker data to reach this code.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls both inputs to the faulty index computation — a program that uses exactly 512 bytes of stack plus a single `may_goto` instruction deterministically yields `interpreters[16]` on every attempt. No race, timing, or uncontrolled memory-layout condition is involved.\nPR:L - Loading a BPF program requires only an unprivileged local account on systems where `kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled=0` (socket-filter/cgroup_skb types load without CAP_BPF), and `may_goto` has no additional capability gate in the verifier. No root or administrative privilege is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker loads and triggers the BPF program entirely on their own; no victim action, mount, or file open is required.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access and the resulting corrupted control flow are confined to the kernel's own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - An out-of-bounds read past `interpreters[]` yields a function pointer that is then invoked, causing the BPF interpreter to execute uncontrolled memory as bytecode with unbounded `BPF_LDX` loads, which can be leveraged to disclose arbitrary kernel memory.\nI:H - The wrongly-typed indirect call runs `___bpf_prog_run()` over an uninitialized instruction pointer, so `BPF_STX`/`BPF_ST` stores and `BPF_CALL` dispatches operate on unvalidated addresses — a memory-corruption and control-flow-hijack primitive.\nA:H - In the common case the bogus interpreter entry hits `BUG_ON(1)` on an unknown opcode or faults on a wild pointer, producing a kernel oops/panic that any local user can trigger on demand." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "kernel/bpf/core.c", "kernel/bpf/verifier.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "011832b97b311bb9e3c27945bc0d1089a14209c9", "lessThan": "19e6817f84000d0b06f09fd69ebd56217842c122", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "011832b97b311bb9e3c27945bc0d1089a14209c9", "lessThan": "4524b7febdd55fb99ae2e1f48db64019fa69e643", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "011832b97b311bb9e3c27945bc0d1089a14209c9", "lessThan": "1a86ae57b2600e5749f5f674e9d4296ac00c69a8", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "011832b97b311bb9e3c27945bc0d1089a14209c9", "lessThan": "6ebc5030e0c5a698f1dd9a6684cddf6ccaed64a0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "kernel/bpf/core.c", "kernel/bpf/verifier.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "6.9", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "6.9", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.23", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.13.11", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.14.2", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.15", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.23" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.11" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.15" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/19e6817f84000d0b06f09fd69ebd56217842c122" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4524b7febdd55fb99ae2e1f48db64019fa69e643" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a86ae57b2600e5749f5f674e9d4296ac00c69a8" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ebc5030e0c5a698f1dd9a6684cddf6ccaed64a0" } ], "title": "bpf: Fix array bounds error with may_goto", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } } } }