{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-21927", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.788Z", "datePublished": "2025-04-01T15:40:58.432Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:55:25.054Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:55:25.054Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvme-tcp: fix potential memory corruption in nvme_tcp_recv_pdu()\n\nnvme_tcp_recv_pdu() doesn't check the validity of the header length.\nWhen header digests are enabled, a target might send a packet with an\ninvalid header length (e.g. 255), causing nvme_tcp_verify_hdgst()\nto access memory outside the allocated area and cause memory corruptions\nby overwriting it with the calculated digest.\n\nFix this by rejecting packets with an unexpected header length." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 9.8, "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:N - The malformed PDU arrives over a routable TCP connection (NVMe/TCP, typically port 4420/8009) and is parsed by the nvme-tcp host driver's socket receive path; a malicious/compromised NVMe-oF target or an on-path attacker injecting into the stream triggers it from anywhere on the network.\nAC:L - The attacker simply sets hdr->hlen to an arbitrary value (e.g. 255) with the HDGST flag in any rsp/r2t/c2h_data PDU — the out-of-bounds read and 4-byte out-of-bounds write occur deterministically, with no race, no memory-layout dependence, and unlimited retries thanks to the driver's automatic error-recovery reconnect.\nPR:N - The vulnerable parsing happens on any PDU received right after the ICReq/ICResp handshake, before the NVMe Connect command or any DH-HMAC-CHAP authentication, so the remote peer needs no credentials or privileges on the victim host whatsoever.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed at attack time — NVMe-oF connections are persistent system configuration established at boot and re-established automatically by nvme_tcp_error_recovery(), so a malicious target or on-path attacker can send the crafted PDU at will.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access corrupts kernel slab memory within the same host kernel security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - nvme_tcp_verify_hdgst() reads 4 raw heap bytes at an attacker-chosen offset up to 255 past a 28-byte kmalloc object and dev_err() prints them verbatim (\"recv %#x\"), giving a repeatable adjacent-heap disclosure primitive; the CRC input additionally hashes up to 227 bytes of out-of-bounds memory.\nI:H - The CRC32C result is written out of bounds at pdu + hlen, an attacker-chosen offset up to 227 bytes past a kmalloc-32 allocation, corrupting neighbouring slab objects; since 24 of the hashed bytes are attacker-controlled and CRC32C is invertible, heap grooming makes both the offset and the written 32-bit value effectively attacker-chosen — a controlled heap write suitable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The out-of-bounds slab write corrupts adjacent kernel objects and slab metadata, causing oops/panic (immediate BUG under KASAN/hardened SLUB), and the attacker can repeat it across auto-reconnects to reliably crash the host." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796", "lessThan": "9fbc953d6b38bc824392e01850f0aeee3b348722", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796", "lessThan": "22b06c89aa6b2d1ecb8aea72edfb9d53af8d5126", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796", "lessThan": "ad95bab0cd28ed77c2c0d0b6e76e03e031391064", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "5.0", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "5.0", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.19", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.13.7", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.14", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.19" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.7" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9fbc953d6b38bc824392e01850f0aeee3b348722" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/22b06c89aa6b2d1ecb8aea72edfb9d53af8d5126" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad95bab0cd28ed77c2c0d0b6e76e03e031391064" } ], "title": "nvme-tcp: fix potential memory corruption in nvme_tcp_recv_pdu()", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.8, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH" } }, { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "id": "CVE-2025-21927", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "total" } ], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-10-01T19:22:21.408514Z" } } } ], "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-787", "description": "CWE-787 Out-of-bounds Write" } ] } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-10-01T19:26:33.723Z" } } ] } }