01 Record

CVE-2025-21791

vrf: use RCU protection in l3mdev_l3_out()

HighPUBLISHEDCNA: Linux

CNA base score7.8 CVSS v3.xCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

View raw JSON

02 Description

vrf: use RCU protection in l3mdev_l3_out()

03 Exploitation and scoring

Exploitation

Assessed, none found. CISA's assessment recorded neither public exploit code nor evidence of exploitation when it was made.

SSVC decision

ExploitationnoneCISA recorded no public exploit code and no evidence of exploitation.
AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
Technical ImpacttotalSuccessful exploitation gives total control of the vulnerable component.

CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.

EPSS probability

0.26% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.

EPSS percentile

Ranks above 18.2% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.

NVD base score

7.8 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.

NVD CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

NVD analysis status

Modified. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.

Red Hat severity

Moderate. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

04 Metadata

Published

2025-02-27 02:18Z1 YR AGO

Last updated

2026-08-05 11:54Z1 MO AGO

Reserved

2024-12-29

Assigning CNA

Linux

Record state

PUBLISHED

Severity

High (CVSS 7.8)

CNA CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Weaknesses

CWE-416Use After FreeVariant

Data version

5.2

Document digest

276403c01158cf72910e45f458e42c8f16a13ce056cf42267e3c0a89974b9e43

05 Affected products

VendorProductVersionsPlatforms

LinuxLinuxa8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 to < 6ccaa5797f5362a2aad6baa6ddaf4715ac2dd51e, a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 to < 20a3489b396764cc9376e32a9172bee26a89dc3b, a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 to < 5bb4228c32261d06e4fbece37ec3828bcc005b6b, a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 to < c7574740be8ce68a57d0aece24987b9be2114c3c, a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 to < c40cb5c03e37552d6eff963187109e2c3f78ef6f, a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 to < 022cac1c693add610ae76ede03adf4d9d5a2cf21, a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 to < 7b81425b517accefd46bee854d94954f5c57e019, a8e3e1a9f02094145580ea7920c6a1d9aabd5539 to < 6d0ce46a93135d96b7fa075a94a88fe0da8e8773, 4.9—

06 References

git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ccaa5797f5362a2aad6baa6ddaf4715ac2dd51e
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20a3489b396764cc9376e32a9172bee26a89dc3b
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5bb4228c32261d06e4fbece37ec3828bcc005b6b
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c7574740be8ce68a57d0aece24987b9be2114c3c
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c40cb5c03e37552d6eff963187109e2c3f78ef6f
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/022cac1c693add610ae76ede03adf4d9d5a2cf21
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7b81425b517accefd46bee854d94954f5c57e019
git.kernel.orghttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6d0ce46a93135d96b7fa075a94a88fe0da8e8773
lists.debian.orghttps://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html
lists.debian.orghttps://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html

01 Record index

CVE-2025-21791

02 Description

03 Exploitation and scoring

04 Metadata

05 Affected products

06 References

02 Records

CVE-2025-21791

02 Description

03 Exploitation and scoring

04 Metadata

05 Affected products

06 References