{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-21761", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.761Z", "datePublished": "2025-02-27T02:18:14.054Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:54:14.184Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:54:14.184Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nopenvswitch: use RCU protection in ovs_vport_cmd_fill_info()\n\novs_vport_cmd_fill_info() can be called without RTNL or RCU.\n\nUse RCU protection and dev_net_rcu() to avoid potential UAF." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached only through the openvswitch generic-netlink family (OVS_VPORT_CMD_NEW/SET/DEL) and through netdev namespace migration triggered by local syscalls; there is no remote or adjacent-network input path.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race — it schedules the netns teardown (dropping the last reference to a namespace it created) and the `ovs_dp_notify_wq`/vport command that re-reads `dev_net(vport->dev)` — and can repeat the sequence indefinitely until the window is hit.\nPR:L - The vport commands use GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM, i.e. `netlink_ns_capable(skb, net->user_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, which any unprivileged user obtains via `unshare -Urn`; namespace creation and `ip link set ... netns` likewise need only namespaced capabilities, and the module auto-loads on family lookup.\nUI:N - The entire sequence — datapath creation, port attach, namespace move and teardown — is performed by the attacker's own processes with no action from any other user.\nS:U - The corruption and its consequences stay within the kernel's own security authority; no hypervisor, IOMMU, or other trust boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Use-after-free read of a freed `struct net`, plus `alloc_netid()` persists the dangling pointer into a live namespace's `netns_ids` IDR where the attacker can resurrect it via RTM_GETNSID/IFLA_TARGET_NETNSID/BPF `get_net_ns_by_id()`, yielding access to reallocated kernel memory and cross-namespace state.\nI:H - `maybe_get_net()` and `put_net()` perform atomic refcount increments/decrements directly on freed slab memory, corrupting whatever object reuses it, and a stale `struct net *` is durably written into a live namespace's IDR — a standard UAF write primitive leveragable for privilege escalation.\nA:H - Dereferencing and refcount-manipulating a freed `struct net` causes oops/panic, and a spurious `put_net()` can drive `__put_net()`/`cleanup_net()` over a destroyed or reused object, crashing the machine." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/openvswitch/datapath.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "9354d452034273a50a4fd703bea31e5d6b1fc20b", "lessThan": "e85a25d1a9985645e796039e843d1de581d2de1e", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "9354d452034273a50a4fd703bea31e5d6b1fc20b", "lessThan": "a8816b3f1f151373fd30f1996f00480126c8bb11", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "9354d452034273a50a4fd703bea31e5d6b1fc20b", "lessThan": "a884f57600e463f69d7b279c4598b865260b62a1", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "9354d452034273a50a4fd703bea31e5d6b1fc20b", "lessThan": "7e01abc34e87abd091e619161a20f54ed4e3e2da", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "9354d452034273a50a4fd703bea31e5d6b1fc20b", "lessThan": "8ec57509c36c8b9a23e50b7858dda0c520a2d074", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "9354d452034273a50a4fd703bea31e5d6b1fc20b", "lessThan": "a849a10de5e04d798f7f286a2f1ca174719a617a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "9354d452034273a50a4fd703bea31e5d6b1fc20b", "lessThan": "5828937742af74666192835d657095d95c53dbd0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "9354d452034273a50a4fd703bea31e5d6b1fc20b", "lessThan": "90b2f49a502fa71090d9f4fe29a2f51fe5dff76d", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/openvswitch/datapath.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "4.15", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "4.15", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.4.291", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.235", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.179", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.129", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.79", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.16", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.13.4", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.14", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.291" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.235" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.179" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.79" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.16" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.4" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.15", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e85a25d1a9985645e796039e843d1de581d2de1e" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8816b3f1f151373fd30f1996f00480126c8bb11" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a884f57600e463f69d7b279c4598b865260b62a1" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e01abc34e87abd091e619161a20f54ed4e3e2da" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ec57509c36c8b9a23e50b7858dda0c520a2d074" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a849a10de5e04d798f7f286a2f1ca174719a617a" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5828937742af74666192835d657095d95c53dbd0" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90b2f49a502fa71090d9f4fe29a2f51fe5dff76d" } ], "title": "openvswitch: use RCU protection in ovs_vport_cmd_fill_info()", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.8, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH" } }, { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "id": "CVE-2025-21761", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "total" } ], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-02-27T17:57:35.920303Z" } } } ], "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-416", "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free" } ] } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-02-27T18:02:27.210Z" } }, { "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [ { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html" }, { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html" } ], "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:37:08.745Z" } }, { "x_adpType": "supplier", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e", "shortName": "siemens-SADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T12:03:41.909Z" }, "affected": [ { "vendor": "Siemens", "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem", "versions": [ { "status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "*", "versionType": "custom" } ], "defaultStatus": "unknown" } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html" } ] } ] } }