{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-21718",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.753Z",
        "datePublished": "2025-02-27T02:07:27.971Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:53:53.771Z"
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                "shortName": "Linux",
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                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: rose: fix timer races against user threads\n\nRose timers only acquire the socket spinlock, without\nchecking if the socket is owned by one user thread.\n\nAdd a check and rearm the timers if needed.\n\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in rose_timer_expiry+0x31d/0x360 net/rose/rose_timer.c:174\nRead of size 2 at addr ffff88802f09b82a by task swapper/0/0\n\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc5-syzkaller-00172-gd1bf27c4e176 #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024\nCall Trace:\n <IRQ>\n  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n  dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n  print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]\n  print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489\n  kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602\n  rose_timer_expiry+0x31d/0x360 net/rose/rose_timer.c:174\n  call_timer_fn+0x187/0x650 kernel/time/timer.c:1793\n  expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1844 [inline]\n  __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2418 [inline]\n  __run_timer_base+0x66a/0x8e0 kernel/time/timer.c:2430\n  run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2439 [inline]\n  run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x170 kernel/time/timer.c:2449\n  handle_softirqs+0x2d4/0x9b0 kernel/softirq.c:561\n  __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:595 [inline]\n  invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:435 [inline]\n  __irq_exit_rcu+0xf7/0x220 kernel/softirq.c:662\n  irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:678\n  instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1049 [inline]\n  sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1049\n </IRQ>"
                }
            ],
            "metrics": [
                {
                    "cvssV3_1": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 7.8,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH"
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                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "value": "AV:L - The race requires a local user thread holding the ROSE socket lock (`lock_sock()` via `connect()`/`release()`/`bind()`/`accept()`) concurrently with the softirq timer; a purely remote AX.25/ROSE peer cannot create that thread. Exploitation is via ordinary socket syscalls on a local AF_ROSE socket.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race — the timer deadline through `setsockopt(ROSE_T1/T2/T3/IDLE/HOLDBACK)` and the lock-holding window through a second thread's syscalls — and can retry indefinitely across many sockets. Nothing about the race depends on state outside the attacker's influence.\nPR:L - `rose_create()` performs no capability check and `MODULE_ALIAS_NETPROTO(PF_ROSE)` lets an unprivileged user autoload the module; the `CAP_NET_ADMIN` checks in `rose_ioctl()` only cover route management, which is not on the exploit path. On a host where ROSE is deployed, any unprivileged local account can bind/connect and arm the timers.\nUI:N - The attacker drives the entire sequence from their own process with plain socket syscalls. No victim action of any kind is needed.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap objects (`struct rose_neigh`, `struct rose_sock`) within the same kernel security authority. No VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The freed `rose_neigh` and `rose_sock` are dereferenced by `rose_transmit_link()`/`rose_write_internal()`, which build and transmit frames from freed memory (`lci`, addresses, facilities, `neigh->digipeat`/`neigh->ax25`), leaking reallocated heap contents that the attacker can read back through the loopback neighbour. A UAF of this shape yields a general kernel-memory read after a heap spray.\nI:H - `rose->neighbour->use--` performs an attacker-timed 16-bit decrement at a fixed offset in freed, sprayable heap memory, and the self-rearming timer leaves a `timer_list` (function pointer) on a freed `struct rose_sock`, plus concurrent `rose_clear_queues()` corrupts skb lists. Together these are write and control-flow-hijack primitives, not merely inconsistent state.\nA:H - The bug is a confirmed KASAN slab-use-after-free reached from timer softirq context, reproducibly crashing the kernel; the `use` refcount underflow additionally causes premature frees of neighbours shared by other sockets. Any unprivileged local user can panic the machine on demand."
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