{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2025-21714", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.752Z", "datePublished": "2025-02-27T02:07:25.570Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:53:51.641Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:53:51.641Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nRDMA/mlx5: Fix implicit ODP use after free\n\nPrevent double queueing of implicit ODP mr destroy work by using\n__xa_cmpxchg() to make sure this is the only time we are destroying this\nspecific mr.\n\nWithout this change, we could try to invalidate this mr twice, which in\nturn could result in queuing a MR work destroy twice, and eventually the\nsecond work could execute after the MR was freed due to the first work,\ncausing a user after free and trace below.\n\n refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\n WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 12178 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0x12b/0x130\n Modules linked in: bonding ib_ipoib vfio_pci ip_gre geneve nf_tables ip6_gre gre ip6_tunnel tunnel6 ipip tunnel4 ib_umad rdma_ucm mlx5_vfio_pci vfio_pci_core vfio_iommu_type1 mlx5_ib vfio ib_uverbs mlx5_core iptable_raw openvswitch nsh rpcrdma ib_iser libiscsi scsi_transport_iscsi rdma_cm iw_cm ib_cm ib_core xt_conntrack xt_MASQUERADE nf_conntrack_netlink nfnetlink xt_addrtype iptable_nat nf_nat br_netfilter rpcsec_gss_krb5 auth_rpcgss oid_registry overlay zram zsmalloc fuse [last unloaded: ib_uverbs]\n CPU: 2 PID: 12178 Comm: kworker/u20:5 Not tainted 6.5.0-rc1_net_next_mlx5_58c644e #1\n Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\n Workqueue: events_unbound free_implicit_child_mr_work [mlx5_ib]\n RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x12b/0x130\n Code: 48 c7 c7 38 95 2a 82 c6 05 bc c6 fe 00 01 e8 0c 66 aa ff 0f 0b 5b c3 48 c7 c7 e0 94 2a 82 c6 05 a7 c6 fe 00 01 e8 f5 65 aa ff <0f> 0b 5b c3 90 8b 07 3d 00 00 00 c0 74 12 83 f8 01 74 13 8d 50 ff\n RSP: 0018:ffff8881008e3e40 EFLAGS: 00010286\n RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000027\n RDX: ffff88852c91b5c8 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffff88852c91b5c0\n RBP: ffff8881dacd4e00 R08: 00000000ffffffff R09: 0000000000000019\n R10: 000000000000072e R11: 0000000063666572 R12: ffff88812bfd9e00\n R13: ffff8881c792d200 R14: ffff88810011c005 R15: ffff8881002099c0\n FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88852c900000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n CR2: 00007f5694b5e000 CR3: 00000001153f6003 CR4: 0000000000370ea0\n DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000\n DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400\n Call Trace:\n \n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0x12b/0x130\n free_implicit_child_mr_work+0x180/0x1b0 [mlx5_ib]\n process_one_work+0x1cc/0x3c0\n worker_thread+0x218/0x3c0\n kthread+0xc6/0xf0\n ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30\n " } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The attack requires local access to the RDMA verbs uAPI (/dev/infiniband/uverbs*) to register an implicit ODP MR, and the invalidation half of the race requires local mm operations (munmap/madvise) that a remote peer cannot induce. Remote RDMA traffic can drive the page-fault half but not the whole race, so the vector is Local.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race from its own process — repeated ibv_advise_mr prefetch faults on the implicit MR in one thread and munmap/MADV_DONTNEED invalidations of the same range in another — and can retry the loop indefinitely on many child MRs in parallel. No condition depends on state outside the attacker's influence.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local account with access to the InfiniBand verbs character device suffices; there is no capability check anywhere on the reg_mr/ODP/prefetch path (only CAP_NET_RAW for raw QPs and CAP_IPC_LOCK for pinning, neither of which applies to ODP). Unprivileged verbs access is the intended design of RDMA and is routine in HPC, RoCE cloud, and containerized deployments.\nUI:N - The attacking process registers its own implicit ODP MR and triggers both the page faults and the invalidations itself. No victim action or cooperation is needed.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel memory managed by the same kernel security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed. Standard kernel-local privilege escalation scope.\nC:H - The second execution of free_implicit_child_mr_work() operates on a freed, kzalloc'd mlx5_ib_mr from a generic kmalloc slab, so an attacker who reclaims the object controls mr->parent, mr->umem, and mr->mmkey and can turn the dereferences into arbitrary kernel reads. Destroying an mkey number that has been reassigned can additionally expose another RDMA consumer's registered memory.\nI:H - The double queue_work yields a use-after-free plus a double mlx5_ib_dereg_mr() free, and INIT_WORK() on an already-pending work item corrupts workqueue linked lists — both classic paths to a controlled write primitive and control-flow hijack via heap spraying.\nA:H - Even unweaponized, the bug produces the refcount_t underflow WARNING and subsequent oops shown in the commit trace, and the underflowed usecount can leave mlx5r_deref_wait_odp_mkey() waiting forever, hanging an unbound workqueue worker. Any of these is a full availability loss." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/odp.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "5256edcb98a14b11409a2d323f56a70a8b366363", "lessThan": "7cc8f681f6d4ae4478ae0f60485fc768f2b450da", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "5256edcb98a14b11409a2d323f56a70a8b366363", "lessThan": "edfb65dbb9ffd3102f3ff4dd21316158e56f1976", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "5256edcb98a14b11409a2d323f56a70a8b366363", "lessThan": "d3d930411ce390e532470194296658a960887773", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/odp.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "5.5", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "5.5", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.13", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.13.2", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.14", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.5", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.13" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.5", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.2" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.5", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cc8f681f6d4ae4478ae0f60485fc768f2b450da" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edfb65dbb9ffd3102f3ff4dd21316158e56f1976" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d3d930411ce390e532470194296658a960887773" } ], "title": "RDMA/mlx5: Fix implicit ODP use after free", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.8, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH" } }, { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "id": "CVE-2025-21714", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "total" } ], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-02-27T18:14:41.666348Z" } } } ], "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-416", "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free" } ] } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-02-27T18:22:30.244Z" } } ] } }