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    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-21640",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.727Z",
        "datePublished": "2025-01-19T10:17:57.593Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:53:19.350Z"
    },
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                "shortName": "Linux",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:53:19.350Z"
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            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsctp: sysctl: cookie_hmac_alg: avoid using current->nsproxy\n\nAs mentioned in a previous commit of this series, using the 'net'\nstructure via 'current' is not recommended for different reasons:\n\n- Inconsistency: getting info from the reader's/writer's netns vs only\n  from the opener's netns.\n\n- current->nsproxy can be NULL in some cases, resulting in an 'Oops'\n  (null-ptr-deref), e.g. when the current task is exiting, as spotted by\n  syzbot [1] using acct(2).\n\nThe 'net' structure can be obtained from the table->data using\ncontainer_of().\n\nNote that table->data could also be used directly, as this is the only\nmember needed from the 'net' structure, but that would increase the size\nof this fix, to use '*data' everywhere 'net->sctp.sctp_hmac_alg' is\nused."
                }
            ],
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                {
                    "cvssV3_1": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 7.1,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH"
                    },
                    "scenarios": [
                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "value": "AV:L - The buggy handler is only reachable through local interfaces — a write/read on /proc/sys/net/sctp/cookie_hmac_alg or an acct(2)-pinned file — never from received network data. No remote peer input reaches proc_sctp_do_hmac_alg().\nAC:L - Both paths are deterministic and fully attacker-controlled: the netns-confusion write is a plain unshare + SCM_RIGHTS + write(2) sequence with no race, and the acct(2) NULL deref triggers reliably every time the pidns reaper exits. No memory-layout or timing conditions outside the attacker's control.\nPR:L - The cross-namespace path needs only an unprivileged local user, since unprivileged user namespaces (default-enabled on Ubuntu/Debian/Fedora/Android) make the caller owner of the new userns and thus CAP_NET_ADMIN-equivalent over its netns, letting it drive a write that lands in init_net. Only the secondary acct(2) oops path additionally needs CAP_SYS_PACCT.\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step itself — unshare, open, fd passing, write, or acct(2) plus process exit. No victim action or cooperation is involved.\nS:U - The vulnerable component and the impacted resource are both the kernel under the same security authority; per kernel CNA convention namespace/privilege boundary crossings within the kernel are scored Unchanged rather than as a Changed-scope escape.\nC:N - The read path always returns the reader's own netns value, so no data crosses a security boundary, and the NULL dereference discloses no memory contents. There is no read primitive or information leak.\nI:H - An unprivileged user can make the handler write the initial network namespace's sctp_hmac_alg; setting it to \"none\" leaves sp->hmac NULL so sctp_unpack_cookie() jumps to no_hmac and skips signature verification entirely, disabling SCTP state-cookie authentication host-wide and enabling blind association spoofing. That is a serious loss of integrity for a security-relevant global setting.\nA:H - With current->nsproxy NULL during task exit the handler dereferences a NULL pointer, producing a kernel Oops (syzbot-confirmed) — a full panic on panic_on_oops systems and at minimum a task killed in the middle of do_exit with namespaces already torn down."
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            "title": "sctp: sysctl: cookie_hmac_alg: avoid using current->nsproxy",
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