{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2024-58237", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:19:43.804Z", "datePublished": "2025-05-05T14:53:34.153Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:47:47.022Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:47:47.022Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: consider that tail calls invalidate packet pointers\n\nTail-called programs could execute any of the helpers that invalidate\npacket pointers. Hence, conservatively assume that each tail call\ninvalidates packet pointers.\n\nMaking the change in bpf_helper_changes_pkt_data() automatically makes\nuse of check_cfg() logic that computes 'changes_pkt_data' effect for\nglobal sub-programs, such that the following program could be\nrejected:\n\n int tail_call(struct __sk_buff *sk)\n {\n \tbpf_tail_call_static(sk, &jmp_table, 0);\n \treturn 0;\n }\n\n SEC(\"tc\")\n int not_safe(struct __sk_buff *sk)\n {\n \tint *p = (void *)(long)sk->data;\n \t... make p valid ...\n \ttail_call(sk);\n \t*p = 42; /* this is unsafe */\n \t...\n }\n\nThe tc_bpf2bpf.c:subprog_tc() needs change: mark it as a function that\ncan invalidate packet pointers. Otherwise, it can't be freplaced with\ntailcall_freplace.c:entry_freplace() that does a tail call." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is a BPF verifier flaw triggered by loading a crafted eBPF program through the bpf() syscall; the resulting memory corruption occurs during local packet processing controlled by the attacker, requiring local access.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the malicious program, its subprogram/tail-call structure, and the heap grooming, so acceptance by the buggy verifier and the subsequent stale-pointer dereference are fully reliable with no attacker-uncontrolled conditions.\nPR:L - Reaching the flaw requires loading a packet-processing eBPF program (e.g., SCHED_CLS/tc) which needs the CAP_BPF/CAP_NET_ADMIN privilege over the BPF subsystem — a limited, delegatable privilege over the component rather than full root.\nUI:N - The attacker loads, attaches, and triggers the malicious program entirely on their own; no action by any other user is required.\nS:U - The verifier bypass corrupts kernel heap memory within the kernel's own security authority; there is no crossing into a different security scope such as a VM or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - The stale packet pointer permits out-of-bounds reads of reallocated/adjacent kernel heap memory, allowing disclosure of sensitive kernel data.\nI:H - The verifier accepts a program that writes through a stale packet pointer (`*p = 42`), giving a controlled out-of-bounds write to kernel heap memory that can be leveraged into an arbitrary-write/control-flow-hijack primitive.\nA:H - Out-of-bounds reads/writes on reallocated kernel heap memory readily cause kernel memory corruption and panic/oops." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/core/filter.c", "tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/tc_bpf2bpf.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "51c39bb1d5d105a02e29aa7960f0a395086e6342", "lessThan": "f1692ee23dcaaddc24ba407b269707ee5df1301f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "51c39bb1d5d105a02e29aa7960f0a395086e6342", "lessThan": "1c2244437f9ad3dd91215f920401a14f2542dbfc", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "51c39bb1d5d105a02e29aa7960f0a395086e6342", "lessThan": "1a4607ffba35bf2a630aab299e34dd3f6e658d70", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/core/filter.c", "tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/tc_bpf2bpf.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "5.6", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "5.6", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.90", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.9", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.13", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.6", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.90" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.6", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.9" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.6", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f1692ee23dcaaddc24ba407b269707ee5df1301f" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c2244437f9ad3dd91215f920401a14f2542dbfc" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a4607ffba35bf2a630aab299e34dd3f6e658d70" } ], "title": "bpf: consider that tail calls invalidate packet pointers", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } } } }