{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2024-57982", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-02-27T02:04:28.913Z", "datePublished": "2025-02-27T02:07:08.169Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:47:08.401Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:47:08.401Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: state: fix out-of-bounds read during lookup\n\nlookup and resize can run in parallel.\n\nThe xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock ensures a retry, but the hash\nfunctions can observe a hmask value that is too large for the new hlist\narray.\n\nrehash does:\n rcu_assign_pointer(net->xfrm.state_bydst, ndst) [..]\n net->xfrm.state_hmask = nhashmask;\n\nWhile state lookup does:\n h = xfrm_dst_hash(net, daddr, saddr, tmpl->reqid, encap_family);\n hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(x, net->xfrm.state_bydst + h, bydst) {\n\nThis is only safe in case the update to state_bydst is larger than\nnet->xfrm.xfrm_state_hmask (or if the lookup function gets\nserialized via state spinlock again).\n\nFix this by prefetching state_hmask and the associated pointers.\nThe xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock retry will ensure that the pointer\nand the hmask will be consistent.\n\nThe existing helpers, like xfrm_dst_hash(), are now unsafe for RCU side,\nadd lockdep assertions to document that they are only safe for insert\nside.\n\nxfrm_state_lookup_byaddr() uses the spinlock rather than RCU.\nAFAICS this is an oversight from back when state lookup was converted to\nRCU, this lock should be replaced with RCU in a future patch." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The race is reliably driven locally: XFRM netlink (`XFRM_MSG_NEWSA` to force `xfrm_hash_resize()`, `XFRM_MSG_GETSA` to drive concurrent lookups) is reachable from an unprivileged user's own network namespace, where the xfrm state hash tables are per-netns. Although the lookup is also hit by unauthenticated remote ESP/AH packets via `xfrm_input_state_lookup()`, a remote attacker cannot schedule the racing resize, so the local vector is the exploitable one.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race — inserting SAs to schedule `xfrm_hash_resize()` on one CPU while issuing lookups with attacker-chosen spi/daddr on another — and can repeat indefinitely by creating fresh network namespaces, each yielding a new sequence of doubling resizes. syzbot reproduced this from ordinary syscalls.\nPR:L - `xfrm_user_rcv_msg()` requires `netlink_net_capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, which resolves to `ns_capable(net->user_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN)` and is therefore satisfied by any unprivileged user after `unshare -Urn`. No real root in the initial namespace is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers both the hash resize and the concurrent state lookup entirely from their own threads; no victim action or cooperation is involved.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access and any resulting corruption stay within the kernel's own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The stale-table/new-mask mismatch reads up to a full table length past the allocation, and the OOB slot is dereferenced as an `hlist_node` and `container_of()`'d into a `struct xfrm_state`, so adjacent slab contents the attacker can groom become a fake-object pointer, yielding reads at attacker-influenced kernel addresses rather than a bounded few-byte leak.\nI:H - The bogus state pointer reaches `refcount_inc_not_zero(&x->refcnt)`, an increment write at an attacker-influenced address, and a fabricated `xfrm_state` returned to `xfrm_input()`/`xfrm_state_find()` is then used for IPsec processing — both usable to corrupt kernel state and pursue control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Walking a garbage hlist pointer read past the end of the hash table dereferences a wild address, producing an oops or panic; with larger page-order tables the OOB read can also fault into unmapped memory." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "c2f672fc94642bae96821a393f342edcfa9794a6", "lessThan": "b86dc510308d7a8955f3f47a4fea4bef887653e4", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "c2f672fc94642bae96821a393f342edcfa9794a6", "lessThan": "a16871c7832ea6435abb6e0b58289ae7dcb7e4fc", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "c2f672fc94642bae96821a393f342edcfa9794a6", "lessThan": "dd4c2a174994238d55ab54da2545543d36f4e0d0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "c2f672fc94642bae96821a393f342edcfa9794a6", "lessThan": "e952837f3ddb0ff726d5b582aa1aad9aa38d024d", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "4.9", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "4.9", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.120", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12.13", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.13.2", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.14", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.120" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.13" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.2" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.9", "versionEndExcluding": "6.14" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b86dc510308d7a8955f3f47a4fea4bef887653e4" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a16871c7832ea6435abb6e0b58289ae7dcb7e4fc" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd4c2a174994238d55ab54da2545543d36f4e0d0" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e952837f3ddb0ff726d5b582aa1aad9aa38d024d" } ], "title": "xfrm: state: fix out-of-bounds read during lookup", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.1, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH" } }, { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "id": "CVE-2024-57982", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "partial" } ], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-10-01T19:31:46.705139Z" } } } ], "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-125", "description": "CWE-125 Out-of-bounds Read" } ] } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-10-01T19:36:43.400Z" } } ] } }