{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2024-56640",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2024-12-27T15:00:39.839Z",
        "datePublished": "2024-12-27T15:02:42.253Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:45:38.986Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
                "shortName": "Linux",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:45:38.986Z"
            },
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/smc: fix LGR and link use-after-free issue\n\nWe encountered a LGR/link use-after-free issue, which manifested as\nthe LGR/link refcnt reaching 0 early and entering the clear process,\nmaking resource access unsafe.\n\n refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n WARNING: CPU: 14 PID: 107447 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0x9c/0x140\n Workqueue: events smc_lgr_terminate_work [smc]\n Call trace:\n  refcount_warn_saturate+0x9c/0x140\n  __smc_lgr_terminate.part.45+0x2a8/0x370 [smc]\n  smc_lgr_terminate_work+0x28/0x30 [smc]\n  process_one_work+0x1b8/0x420\n  worker_thread+0x158/0x510\n  kthread+0x114/0x118\n\nor\n\n refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\n WARNING: CPU: 6 PID: 93140 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xf0/0x140\n Workqueue: smc_hs_wq smc_listen_work [smc]\n Call trace:\n  refcount_warn_saturate+0xf0/0x140\n  smcr_link_put+0x1cc/0x1d8 [smc]\n  smc_conn_free+0x110/0x1b0 [smc]\n  smc_conn_abort+0x50/0x60 [smc]\n  smc_listen_find_device+0x75c/0x790 [smc]\n  smc_listen_work+0x368/0x8a0 [smc]\n  process_one_work+0x1b8/0x420\n  worker_thread+0x158/0x510\n  kthread+0x114/0x118\n\nIt is caused by repeated release of LGR/link refcnt. One suspect is that\nsmc_conn_free() is called repeatedly because some smc_conn_free() from\nserver listening path are not protected by sock lock.\n\ne.g.\n\nCalls under socklock        | smc_listen_work\n-------------------------------------------------------\nlock_sock(sk)               | smc_conn_abort\nsmc_conn_free               | \\- smc_conn_free\n\\- smcr_link_put            |    \\- smcr_link_put (duplicated)\nrelease_sock(sk)\n\nSo here add sock lock protection in smc_listen_work() path, making it\nexclusive with other connection operations."
                }
            ],
            "metrics": [
                {
                    "cvssV3_1": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 9.8,
                        "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL"
                    },
                    "scenarios": [
                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "value": "AV:N - The bug is in `smc_listen_work()`, the SMC server-side CLC handshake worker that is queued from `smc_tcp_listen_work()` for every inbound TCP connection carrying the SMC option, and it processes CLC Proposal/Confirm/Decline messages sent by the remote peer over routable TCP/IP. A remote host that can reach an AF_SMC listener drives the entire vulnerable path.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race: `smc_clc_wait_msg()` (net/smc/smc_clc.c:784-794) accepts a CLC DECLINE at any point, and with the attacker-chosen `SMC_FIRST_CONTACT_MASK` bit set it calls `smc_lgr_terminate_sched()`, scheduling `__smc_lgr_terminate()` (which takes lock_sock and frees conn state) concurrently with the unlocked `smc_listen_work()` → `smc_conn_abort()` → `smc_conn_free()` path, whose `conn->freed` guard is an unsynchronized bitfield. The attacker can open unlimited parallel connections into the same link group on the separate `smc_hs_wq` and retry indefinitely at no cost.\nPR:N - The CLC handshake in `smc_listen_work()` runs entirely before any application-level authentication and requires no credentials — the attacker only needs to complete a TCP connection to the SMC listener. No capability, namespace, or local account is involved.\nUI:N - The listen worker is queued automatically from the TCP accept path by `smc_clcsock_data_ready()`/`smc_tcp_listen_work()`; no action by the local user or administrator is needed beyond running the SMC server that is already listening.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel heap objects (`struct smc_link_group`, `struct smc_link`) within the same kernel security authority, with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - The duplicate `smcr_link_put()`/`smc_lgr_put()` drives the refcounts to zero early, so the `kzalloc`'d `struct smc_link_group` is `kfree()`d while `__smc_lgr_terminate()`, `smc_listen_work()`, and the LLC/CDC paths still dereference it — a classic use-after-free read of a generic kmalloc slab object that an attacker can reallocate and shape, leaking link-group state including `peer_systemid` and RDMA `rtokens` (remote keys/addresses).\nI:H - Post-free writes into the reallocated object include `lgr->sync_err`/`terminating` bitfields, `refcount_inc()`, and list/rb-tree manipulation, while the freed structure embeds `struct work_struct terminate_work`, `struct delayed_work free_work`, and per-link `link_down_wrk` — function pointers that `schedule_work()`/`smc_lgr_schedule_free_work()` will subsequently invoke, giving a heap-spray path to control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The commit documents real production `refcount_t: underflow`/`addition on 0` warnings in `smcr_link_put()` and `__smc_lgr_terminate()`; refcount saturation plus use of freed link-group memory yields oopses and kernel panics, and the condition is remotely and repeatably triggerable."
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "net/smc/af_smc.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "3b2dec2603d5b06ad3af71c1164ca0b92df3d2a8",
                            "lessThan": "f502a88fdd415647a1f2dc45fac71b9c522a052b",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "3b2dec2603d5b06ad3af71c1164ca0b92df3d2a8",
                            "lessThan": "0cf598548a6c36d90681d53c6b77d52363f2f295",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "3b2dec2603d5b06ad3af71c1164ca0b92df3d2a8",
                            "lessThan": "673d606683ac70bc074ca6676b938bff18635226",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "3b2dec2603d5b06ad3af71c1164ca0b92df3d2a8",
                            "lessThan": "6f0ae06a234a78ae137064f2c89135ac078a00eb",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "3b2dec2603d5b06ad3af71c1164ca0b92df3d2a8",
                            "lessThan": "2c7f14ed9c19ec0f149479d1c2842ec1f9bf76d7",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "affected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "net/smc/af_smc.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "4.18",
                            "status": "affected"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0",
                            "lessThan": "4.18",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.15.174",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.1.120",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.6.66",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.12.5",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "6.13",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "cpeApplicability": [
                {
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "operator": "OR",
                            "negate": false,
                            "cpeMatch": [
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.18",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.174"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.18",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.120"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.18",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.66"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.18",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.5"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.18",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.13"
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "references": [
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f502a88fdd415647a1f2dc45fac71b9c522a052b"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0cf598548a6c36d90681d53c6b77d52363f2f295"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/673d606683ac70bc074ca6676b938bff18635226"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6f0ae06a234a78ae137064f2c89135ac078a00eb"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c7f14ed9c19ec0f149479d1c2842ec1f9bf76d7"
                }
            ],
            "title": "net/smc: fix LGR and link use-after-free issue",
            "x_generator": {
                "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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        },
        "adp": [
            {
                "metrics": [
                    {
                        "cvssV3_1": {
                            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                            "version": "3.1",
                            "baseScore": 7.8,
                            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                            "userInteraction": "NONE",
                            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
                        }
                    },
                    {
                        "other": {
                            "type": "ssvc",
                            "content": {
                                "id": "CVE-2024-56640",
                                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                                "options": [
                                    {
                                        "Exploitation": "none"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Automatable": "no"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Technical Impact": "total"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "version": "2.0.3",
                                "timestamp": "2025-02-11T15:41:51.231757Z"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "problemTypes": [
                    {
                        "descriptions": [
                            {
                                "lang": "en",
                                "type": "CWE",
                                "cweId": "CWE-416",
                                "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free"
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
                "providerMetadata": {
                    "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
                    "shortName": "CISA-ADP",
                    "dateUpdated": "2025-02-11T15:45:22.074Z"
                }
            },
            {
                "title": "CVE Program Container",
                "references": [
                    {
                        "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html"
                    }
                ],
                "providerMetadata": {
                    "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
                    "shortName": "CVE",
                    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T20:51:40.000Z"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}