{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2024-53125", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2024-11-19T17:17:24.995Z", "datePublished": "2024-12-04T14:11:09.326Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:43:55.135Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:43:55.135Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: sync_linked_regs() must preserve subreg_def\n\nRange propagation must not affect subreg_def marks, otherwise the\nfollowing example is rewritten by verifier incorrectly when\nBPF_F_TEST_RND_HI32 flag is set:\n\n 0: call bpf_ktime_get_ns call bpf_ktime_get_ns\n 1: r0 &= 0x7fffffff after verifier r0 &= 0x7fffffff\n 2: w1 = w0 rewrites w1 = w0\n 3: if w0 < 10 goto +0 --------------> r11 = 0x2f5674a6 (r)\n 4: r1 >>= 32 r11 <<= 32 (r)\n 5: r0 = r1 r1 |= r11 (r)\n 6: exit; if w0 < 0xa goto pc+0\n r1 >>= 32\n r0 = r1\n exit\n\n(or zero extension of w1 at (2) is missing for architectures that\n require zero extension for upper register half).\n\nThe following happens w/o this patch:\n- r0 is marked as not a subreg at (0);\n- w1 is marked as subreg at (2);\n- w1 subreg_def is overridden at (3) by copy_register_state();\n- w1 is read at (5) but mark_insn_zext() does not mark (2)\n for zero extension, because w1 subreg_def is not set;\n- because of BPF_F_TEST_RND_HI32 flag verifier inserts random\n value for hi32 bits of (2) (marked (r));\n- this random value is read at (5)." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The flaw is in the BPF verifier and is reached only by loading a crafted eBPF program through the local `bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD)` syscall. There is no remote or adjacent path to `check_cond_jmp_op()`/`sync_linked_regs()`.\nAC:L - The attacker authors the entire BPF instruction sequence, so the register-linking, conditional jump, and the stale upper-32-bit value are fully deterministic and under their control. On the affected architectures (ppc64, s390x, riscv, sparc64, mips, arm32, parisc, x86-32 — all major deployment targets from cloud mainframes to embedded/automotive) the missing zero-extension is emitted reliably on every run.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local user can load BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER/CGROUP_SKB programs whenever `kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled=0`, and container users can load programs via delegated BPF tokens; otherwise only CAP_BPF, not real root, is needed. No administrative privilege in the init namespace is required.\nUI:N - The attacker loads and runs their own BPF program end-to-end; no action by any other user or administrator is involved.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel's own security authority — it is a standard local privilege-escalation primitive with no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - The verifier believes the register is zero-extended and range-bounded while at runtime its upper 32 bits hold an attacker-supplied value, so bounds checks on map-value/stack accesses are bypassed with an attacker-chosen 64-bit displacement, yielding arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The same verifier/runtime divergence permits out-of-bounds *writes* at an attacker-controlled offset, providing an arbitrary kernel write primitive suitable for control-flow hijacking and privilege escalation.\nA:H - Out-of-bounds accesses at an unbounded attacker-controlled offset trivially fault on unmapped or protected kernel memory, causing an oops or panic; the incorrectly JITed program also executes with garbage register state." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "kernel/bpf/verifier.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "75748837b7e56919679e02163f45d5818c644d03", "lessThan": "dadf82c1b2608727bcc306843b540cd7414055a7", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "75748837b7e56919679e02163f45d5818c644d03", "lessThan": "b57ac2d92c1f565743f6890a5b9cf317ed856b09", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "75748837b7e56919679e02163f45d5818c644d03", "lessThan": "60fd3538d2a8fd44c41d25088c0ece3e1fd30659", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "75748837b7e56919679e02163f45d5818c644d03", "lessThan": "bfe9446ea1d95f6cb7848da19dfd58d2eec6fd84", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "75748837b7e56919679e02163f45d5818c644d03", "lessThan": "e2ef0f317a52e678fe8fa84b94d6a15b466d6ff0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "75748837b7e56919679e02163f45d5818c644d03", "lessThan": "e9bd9c498cb0f5843996dbe5cbce7a1836a83c70", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "kernel/bpf/verifier.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "5.10", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "5.10", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.232", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.175", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.121", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.67", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.11.6", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.11.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.10", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.232" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.10", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.175" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.10", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.121" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.10", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.67" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.10", "versionEndExcluding": "6.11.6" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.10", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dadf82c1b2608727bcc306843b540cd7414055a7" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b57ac2d92c1f565743f6890a5b9cf317ed856b09" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/60fd3538d2a8fd44c41d25088c0ece3e1fd30659" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfe9446ea1d95f6cb7848da19dfd58d2eec6fd84" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2ef0f317a52e678fe8fa84b94d6a15b466d6ff0" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e9bd9c498cb0f5843996dbe5cbce7a1836a83c70" } ], "title": "bpf: sync_linked_regs() must preserve subreg_def", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [ { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html" }, { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html" } ], "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T20:46:07.020Z" } } ] } }