{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2024-50059", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2024-10-21T19:36:19.939Z", "datePublished": "2024-10-21T19:39:49.079Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:41:18.294Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:41:18.294Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nntb: ntb_hw_switchtec: Fix use after free vulnerability in switchtec_ntb_remove due to race condition\n\nIn the switchtec_ntb_add function, it can call switchtec_ntb_init_sndev\nfunction, then &sndev->check_link_status_work is bound with\ncheck_link_status_work. switchtec_ntb_link_notification may be called\nto start the work.\n\nIf we remove the module which will call switchtec_ntb_remove to make\ncleanup, it will free sndev through kfree(sndev), while the work\nmentioned above will be used. The sequence of operations that may lead\nto a UAF bug is as follows:\n\nCPU0 CPU1\n\n | check_link_status_work\nswitchtec_ntb_remove |\nkfree(sndev); |\n | if (sndev->link_force_down)\n | // use sndev\n\nFix it by ensuring that the work is canceled before proceeding with\nthe cleanup in switchtec_ntb_remove." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The freeing side of the race is driver teardown, entered only through local actions — `rmmod ntb_hw_switchtec`, a write to `/sys/bus/pci/drivers/switchtec/unbind`, or `/sys/bus/pci/devices/.../remove` — and the racing side arrives over the PCIe/NTB fabric rather than a network stack. No network or adjacent-network protocol reaches this code, so local system access is the entry point.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides: the NTB peer host (or a local user driving the Switchtec management device) can send `LINK_MESSAGE`/`MSG_LINK_FORCE_DOWN` continuously so `check_link_status_work` is always pending, and `switchtec_ntb_part_op()` then sleeps up to 1000×50 ms inside the object, holding the window open for tens of seconds while teardown is triggered. Bind/unbind can also be repeated indefinitely, so success depends on nothing outside the attacker's influence.\nPR:L - The side that keeps the work item live requires no privilege — it is driven by the NTB peer host's link messages, by PCIe link-state events, or by non-CAP_SYS_ADMIN MRPC commands on `/dev/switchtecN` (the driver explicitly gates only GAS read/write on CAP_SYS_ADMIN) — while the `kfree()` occurs on any device removal, including surprise PCIe hot-remove and routine administrative unbind. Consistent with the scoring of the equivalent driver remove-path work-item UAFs (e.g. CVE-2024-57984), low local privileges are the defensible assumption.\nUI:N - The removal and the link-message traffic are both initiated by the attacker or generated autonomously by the PCIe hardware; no victim must mount a filesystem, open a file, or take any other action. Exploitation completes entirely from the attacker's own operations.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap state and is exploited within the same kernel security authority that owns the driver. No hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed by the vulnerability itself.\nC:H - After `kfree(sndev)` the worker reads `link_force_down`, `mmio_ntb`, `mmio_peer_ctrl`, `mmio_peer_dbmsg`, `self_shared_dma`, `peer_direct_mw_to_bar[]` and `stdev->dev` back out of freed memory, and the ~50-second sleep inside `switchtec_ntb_part_op()` makes slab reclaim by an attacker-sprayed object highly practical, converting the dangling object into a controlled kernel read primitive. Per use-after-free scoring guidance this is High.\nI:H - `ntb_link_event()` performs `ntb->ctx_ops->link_event(ntb->ctx)` — an indirect branch through a function pointer read from freed memory — and `config_rsvd_lut_win()` issues `iowrite32`/`iowrite64` to `&ctl->bar_entry[peer_bar]`/`&ctl->lut_entry[]` with base pointer, index and payload all taken from the freed object, giving both control-flow hijack and a controlled write (including reprogramming of the NTB DMA translation window) after heap spraying.\nA:H - Even without successful exploitation, the worker takes a spinlock in freed memory, dereferences freed `__iomem` pointers and touches the device after teardown, and the concurrent `link_notifier`/`sndev` NULL stores add a NULL-pointer dereference path — any of which produces a kernel oops or panic." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/ntb/hw/mscc/ntb_hw_switchtec.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "d04be142b8b61ffb3c9cc5c6d1abda8fc59a16c9", "lessThan": "5126d8f5567f49b52e21fca320eaa97977055099", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "d04be142b8b61ffb3c9cc5c6d1abda8fc59a16c9", "lessThan": "b650189687822b705711f0567a65a164a314d8df", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "d04be142b8b61ffb3c9cc5c6d1abda8fc59a16c9", "lessThan": "92728fceefdaa2a0a3aae675f86193b006eeaa43", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "d04be142b8b61ffb3c9cc5c6d1abda8fc59a16c9", "lessThan": "3ae45be8492460a35b5aebf6acac1f1d32708946", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "d04be142b8b61ffb3c9cc5c6d1abda8fc59a16c9", "lessThan": "fa840ba4bd9f3bad7f104e5b32028ee73af8b3dd", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "d04be142b8b61ffb3c9cc5c6d1abda8fc59a16c9", "lessThan": "177925d9c8715a897bb79eca62628862213ba956", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "d04be142b8b61ffb3c9cc5c6d1abda8fc59a16c9", "lessThan": "e51aded92d42784313ba16c12f4f88cc4f973bbb", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/ntb/hw/mscc/ntb_hw_switchtec.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "4.16", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "4.16", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.4.285", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.227", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.168", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.113", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.57", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.11.4", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.11.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.12", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.285" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.227" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.168" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.113" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.57" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "6.11.4" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5126d8f5567f49b52e21fca320eaa97977055099" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b650189687822b705711f0567a65a164a314d8df" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/92728fceefdaa2a0a3aae675f86193b006eeaa43" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ae45be8492460a35b5aebf6acac1f1d32708946" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fa840ba4bd9f3bad7f104e5b32028ee73af8b3dd" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/177925d9c8715a897bb79eca62628862213ba956" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e51aded92d42784313ba16c12f4f88cc4f973bbb" } ], "title": "ntb: ntb_hw_switchtec: Fix use after free vulnerability in switchtec_ntb_remove due to race condition", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "id": "CVE-2024-50059", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "partial" } ], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2024-10-22T13:23:07.094134Z" } } } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2024-10-22T13:28:42.461Z" } }, { "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [ { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html" }, { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00001.html" } ], "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T22:24:58.655Z" } } ] } }