{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2024-38588", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2024-06-18T19:36:34.929Z", "datePublished": "2024-06-19T13:37:43.262Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:33:01.142Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:33:01.142Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nftrace: Fix possible use-after-free issue in ftrace_location()\n\nKASAN reports a bug:\n\n BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ftrace_location+0x90/0x120\n Read of size 8 at addr ffff888141d40010 by task insmod/424\n CPU: 8 PID: 424 Comm: insmod Tainted: G W 6.9.0-rc2+\n [...]\n Call Trace:\n \n dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0xa0\n print_report+0xcf/0x610\n kasan_report+0xb5/0xe0\n ftrace_location+0x90/0x120\n register_kprobe+0x14b/0xa40\n kprobe_init+0x2d/0xff0 [kprobe_example]\n do_one_initcall+0x8f/0x2d0\n do_init_module+0x13a/0x3c0\n load_module+0x3082/0x33d0\n init_module_from_file+0xd2/0x130\n __x64_sys_finit_module+0x306/0x440\n do_syscall_64+0x68/0x140\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x71/0x79\n\nThe root cause is that, in lookup_rec(), ftrace record of some address\nis being searched in ftrace pages of some module, but those ftrace pages\nat the same time is being freed in ftrace_release_mod() as the\ncorresponding module is being deleted:\n\n CPU1 | CPU2\n register_kprobes() { | delete_module() {\n check_kprobe_address_safe() { |\n arch_check_ftrace_location() { |\n ftrace_location() { |\n lookup_rec() // USE! | ftrace_release_mod() // Free!\n\nTo fix this issue:\n 1. Hold rcu lock as accessing ftrace pages in ftrace_location_range();\n 2. Use ftrace_location_range() instead of lookup_rec() in\n ftrace_location();\n 3. Call synchronize_rcu() before freeing any ftrace pages both in\n ftrace_process_locs()/ftrace_release_mod()/ftrace_free_mem()." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - Both sides of the race are driven through local syscalls — `finit_module`/`delete_module` (or unprivileged module autoload) on the free side and `perf_event_open`/`bpf()`/tracefs `kprobe_events` on the `ftrace_location()` reader side. There is no remote or adjacent-network path into ftrace page management.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race and can loop them concurrently — repeatedly registering kprobes/fprobes on one CPU while loading/unloading a module on another — and the window spans the entire unlocked `pg->next`/bsearch walk, which is why the reporter hit it with a plain `insmod` of the sample kprobe module. `CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE` is enabled in virtually all production kernels, so no rare configuration is needed.\nPR:L - The reader side is reachable by a low-privileged tracing-capable task (CAP_PERFMON/CAP_BPF, routinely granted to containerised monitoring agents rather than full root), and the free side can be triggered by an unprivileged task via module autoloading (`request_module()` from AF_ALG bind or socket-family aliases) as well as by module load/unload. No full init-namespace root is required for the whole chain.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers both the kprobe/ftrace registration and the module load/unload entirely on their own; no victim action or cooperation is involved.\nS:U - The use-after-free is in kernel heap/page memory and its consequences stay within the kernel's own security authority — no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `lookup_rec()` reads freed `struct ftrace_page` objects and freed record pages, and the harvested contents (`rec->ip`) are returned to the caller and observable through kprobe/ftrace state, exposing whatever reallocated kernel data now occupies those pages.\nI:H - The address returned from freed memory is consumed as a code-patching target — stored as `tr->ip` for BPF trampolines and installed into ftrace filter hashes — so heap spraying of the reclaimed pages can steer kernel text modification to an attacker-chosen address, giving a write/control-flow-hijack primitive.\nA:H - Traversing the freed `pg->next` list and bsearching freed record pages dereferences wild pointers, producing an oops or panic; the race can be retried indefinitely to force a crash." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "kernel/trace/ftrace.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "ae6aa16fdc163afe6b04b6c073ad4ddd4663c03b", "lessThan": "eea46baf145150910ba134f75a67106ba2222c1b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ae6aa16fdc163afe6b04b6c073ad4ddd4663c03b", "lessThan": "1880a324af1c95940a7c954b6b937e86844a33bd", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ae6aa16fdc163afe6b04b6c073ad4ddd4663c03b", "lessThan": "8ea8ef5e42173560ac510e92a1cc797ffeea8831", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ae6aa16fdc163afe6b04b6c073ad4ddd4663c03b", "lessThan": "dbff5f0bfb2416b8b55c105ddbcd4f885e98fada", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ae6aa16fdc163afe6b04b6c073ad4ddd4663c03b", "lessThan": "7b4881da5b19f65709f5c18c1a4d8caa2e496461", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ae6aa16fdc163afe6b04b6c073ad4ddd4663c03b", "lessThan": "66df065b3106964e667b37bf8f7e55ec69d0c1f6", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ae6aa16fdc163afe6b04b6c073ad4ddd4663c03b", "lessThan": "31310e373f4c8c74e029d4326b283e757edabc0b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ae6aa16fdc163afe6b04b6c073ad4ddd4663c03b", "lessThan": "e60b613df8b6253def41215402f72986fee3fc8d", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "kernel/trace/ftrace.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "3.7", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "3.7", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.4.286", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.227", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.162", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.93", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6.33", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.8.12", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.8.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.9.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.9.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.10", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.7", "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.286" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.7", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.227" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.7", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.162" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.93" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.33" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.8.12" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.9.3" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.10" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eea46baf145150910ba134f75a67106ba2222c1b" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1880a324af1c95940a7c954b6b937e86844a33bd" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ea8ef5e42173560ac510e92a1cc797ffeea8831" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dbff5f0bfb2416b8b55c105ddbcd4f885e98fada" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7b4881da5b19f65709f5c18c1a4d8caa2e496461" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/66df065b3106964e667b37bf8f7e55ec69d0c1f6" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31310e373f4c8c74e029d4326b283e757edabc0b" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e60b613df8b6253def41215402f72986fee3fc8d" } ], "title": "ftrace: Fix possible use-after-free issue in ftrace_location()", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-416", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free" } ] } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.8, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH" } }, { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "timestamp": "2024-10-30T19:17:19.872138Z", "id": "CVE-2024-38588", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "total" } ], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3" } } } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2024-10-30T19:18:45.225Z" } }, { "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ea8ef5e42173560ac510e92a1cc797ffeea8831", "tags": [ "x_transferred" ] }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dbff5f0bfb2416b8b55c105ddbcd4f885e98fada", "tags": [ "x_transferred" ] }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7b4881da5b19f65709f5c18c1a4d8caa2e496461", "tags": [ "x_transferred" ] }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/66df065b3106964e667b37bf8f7e55ec69d0c1f6", "tags": [ "x_transferred" ] }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31310e373f4c8c74e029d4326b283e757edabc0b", "tags": [ "x_transferred" ] }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e60b613df8b6253def41215402f72986fee3fc8d", "tags": [ "x_transferred" ] }, { "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html" } ], "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T20:38:10.030Z" } } ] } }