{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2023-54098", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-12-24T13:02:52.516Z", "datePublished": "2025-12-24T13:06:25.197Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:17:15.832Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:17:15.832Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/i915/gvt: fix gvt debugfs destroy\n\nWhen gvt debug fs is destroyed, need to have a sane check if drm\nminor's debugfs root is still available or not, otherwise in case like\ndevice remove through unbinding, drm minor's debugfs directory has\nalready been removed, then intel_gvt_debugfs_clean() would act upon\ndangling pointer like below oops.\n\ni915 0000:00:02.0: Direct firmware load for i915/gvt/vid_0x8086_did_0x1926_rid_0x0a.golden_hw_state failed with error -2\ni915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Registered\nConsole: switching to colour dummy device 80x25\ni915 0000:00:02.0: MDEV: Unregistering\nBUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000000a0\nPGD 0 P4D 0\nOops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI\nCPU: 2 PID: 2486 Comm: gfx-unbind.sh Tainted: G I 6.1.0-rc8+ #15\nHardware name: Dell Inc. XPS 13 9350/0JXC1H, BIOS 1.13.0 02/10/2020\nRIP: 0010:down_write+0x1f/0x90\nCode: 1d ff ff 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 53 48 89 fb e8 62 c0 ff ff bf 01 00 00 00 e8 28 5e 31 ff 31 c0 ba 01 00 00 00 48 0f b1 13 75 33 65 48 8b 04 25 c0 bd 01 00 48 89 43 08 bf 01\nRSP: 0018:ffff9eb3036ffcc8 EFLAGS: 00010246\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 00000000000000a0 RCX: ffffff8100000000\nRDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000064 RDI: ffffffffa48787a8\nRBP: ffff9eb3036ffd30 R08: ffffeb1fc45a0608 R09: ffffeb1fc45a05c0\nR10: 0000000000000002 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: ffff91acc33fa328 R14: ffff91acc033f080 R15: ffff91acced533e0\nFS: 00007f6947bba740(0000) GS:ffff91ae36d00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 00000000000000a0 CR3: 00000001133a2002 CR4: 00000000003706e0\nCall Trace:\n \n simple_recursive_removal+0x9f/0x2a0\n ? start_creating.part.0+0x120/0x120\n ? _raw_spin_lock+0x13/0x40\n debugfs_remove+0x40/0x60\n intel_gvt_debugfs_clean+0x15/0x30 [kvmgt]\n intel_gvt_clean_device+0x49/0xe0 [kvmgt]\n intel_gvt_driver_remove+0x2f/0xb0\n i915_driver_remove+0xa4/0xf0\n i915_pci_remove+0x1a/0x30\n pci_device_remove+0x33/0xa0\n device_release_driver_internal+0x1b2/0x230\n unbind_store+0xe0/0x110\n kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x11b/0x1f0\n vfs_write+0x203/0x3d0\n ksys_write+0x63/0xe0\n do_syscall_64+0x37/0x90\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd\nRIP: 0033:0x7f6947cb5190\nCode: 40 00 48 8b 15 71 9c 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff eb b7 0f 1f 00 80 3d 51 24 0e 00 00 74 17 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 58 c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 83 ec 28 48 89\nRSP: 002b:00007ffcbac45a28 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000000000d RCX: 00007f6947cb5190\nRDX: 000000000000000d RSI: 0000555e35c866a0 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: 0000555e35c866a0 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000555e358cb97c\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000001\nR13: 000000000000000d R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000555e358cb8e0\n \nModules linked in: kvmgt\nCR2: 00000000000000a0\n---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---" } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.3, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached only through a local sysfs write to /sys/bus/pci/drivers/i915/unbind (or module unload), i.e. a local `write()` syscall on the host; there is no network or guest-facing entry point into `intel_gvt_debugfs_clean()`.\nAC:L - The dangling-pointer condition is deterministic — every i915 unbind on a GVT-enabled device frees the drm minor's debugfs tree before `intel_gvt_debugfs_clean()` reuses the stale `gvt->debugfs_root`, with no race to win. The intervening `synchronize_rcu()`/`i915_gem_suspend()` guarantees the dentry is back on the slab freelist, and dentry-cache grooming is fully under the attacker's control.\nPR:L - The unprivileged local attacker supplies the exploitation half — spraying `dentry_cache` so the freed \"gvt\" dentry slot holds attacker-controlled `d_inode`/`d_subdirs` data before `simple_recursive_removal()` walks it; only the unbind trigger itself sits behind CAP_SYS_ADMIN, so the attacker needs no more than basic local access.\nUI:R - The freeing action is initiated by an administrator performing an i915 driver unbind or module removal — a routine GVT-g host maintenance operation (the reporter's own trace shows `gfx-unbind.sh`) — which the unprivileged attacker cannot invoke directly.\nS:U - The corruption occurs in host kernel memory and yields host kernel privileges; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed, so the vulnerable component and impacted component share the same security authority.\nC:H - Use-after-free on a `dentry` whose slot can be reoccupied by attacker-controlled data; `simple_recursive_removal()` dereferences `this->d_inode` and walks the `d_subdirs` list from that reused object, which can be steered into disclosing arbitrary kernel memory.\nI:H - The stale-dentry walk performs `dget()` (refcount write into the reallocated object), `inode_lock()` on an attacker-supplied inode pointer, and `dput()` on pointers read out of the reused slab slot — a write-and-free primitive suitable for heap corruption and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Even without grooming, the bug reliably produces a kernel oops in `down_write()`/`simple_recursive_removal()` (`BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0x00000000000000a0`), killing the unbind task with locks held and leaving the machine in a broken state." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gvt/debugfs.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da", "lessThan": "bb7c7b2c89d2feb347b6f9bffc1c75987adb1048", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da", "lessThan": "ae9a61511736cc71a99f01e8b7b90f6fb6128ed8", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da", "lessThan": "b85c8536fda3d1ed07c6d87a661ffe18d6eb214b", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da", "lessThan": "fe340500baf84b6531c9fc508b167525b9bf6446", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "bc7b0be316aebac42eb9e8e54c984609555944da", "lessThan": "c4b850d1f448a901fbf4f7f36dec38c84009b489", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/gpu/drm/i915/gvt/debugfs.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "4.16", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "4.16", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.163", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.87", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.0.19", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.0.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.5", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.2", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.163" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.87" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "6.0.19" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.5" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.16", "versionEndExcluding": "6.2" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb7c7b2c89d2feb347b6f9bffc1c75987adb1048" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae9a61511736cc71a99f01e8b7b90f6fb6128ed8" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b85c8536fda3d1ed07c6d87a661ffe18d6eb214b" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe340500baf84b6531c9fc508b167525b9bf6446" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4b850d1f448a901fbf4f7f36dec38c84009b489" } ], "title": "drm/i915/gvt: fix gvt debugfs destroy", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } } } }