{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2023-53331", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-09-16T16:08:59.564Z", "datePublished": "2025-09-16T16:12:06.788Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:13:32.268Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:13:32.268Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\npstore/ram: Check start of empty przs during init\n\nAfter commit 30696378f68a (\"pstore/ram: Do not treat empty buffers as\nvalid\"), initialization would assume a prz was valid after seeing that\nthe buffer_size is zero (regardless of the buffer start position). This\nunchecked start value means it could be outside the bounds of the buffer,\nleading to future access panics when written to:\n\n sysdump_panic_event+0x3b4/0x5b8\n atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x54/0x90\n panic+0x1c8/0x42c\n die+0x29c/0x2a8\n die_kernel_fault+0x68/0x78\n __do_kernel_fault+0x1c4/0x1e0\n do_bad_area+0x40/0x100\n do_translation_fault+0x68/0x80\n do_mem_abort+0x68/0xf8\n el1_da+0x1c/0xc0\n __raw_writeb+0x38/0x174\n __memcpy_toio+0x40/0xac\n persistent_ram_update+0x44/0x12c\n persistent_ram_write+0x1a8/0x1b8\n ramoops_pstore_write+0x198/0x1e8\n pstore_console_write+0x94/0xe0\n ...\n\nTo avoid this, also check if the prz start is 0 during the initialization\nphase. If not, the next prz sanity check case will discover it (start >\nsize) and zap the buffer back to a sane state.\n\n[kees: update commit log with backtrace and clarifications]" } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is confined to local pstore/ramoops initialization and subsequent local writes (pstore console, `/dev/pmsg0` via `persistent_ram_write_user`, or other ramoops backends); there is no network or adjacent-radio entry point into `fs/pstore/ram_core.c`.\nAC:L - Once an empty-but-invalid prz header (valid sig, size 0, non-zero start) is present in persistent RAM—observed in the field and retained across soft reboot on common Android/embedded ramoops deployments—the next write deterministically performs an out-of-bounds update with no race or ASLR dependency; scored Low under the uncertainty/highest-severity rule.\nPR:L - In the highest-impact realistic deployment (Android/ChromeOS-style ramoops with pmsg enabled), an unprivileged local actor can trigger the write through `/dev/pmsg0` (kernel default 0220, often further relaxed on Android) or rely on automatic pstore console writes after boot, without needing real init-namespace root.\nUI:N - No victim action is required: after a vulnerable boot accept of the bad empty buffer, the kernel itself writes via the pstore console on printk/panic, or the attacker writes `/dev/pmsg0` directly.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds write corrupts addresses within the kernel’s own ramoops mapping/security domain and does not cross a VM, IOMMU, or other separate authority boundary.\nC:H - This is an out-of-bounds write through `persistent_ram_update`/`_user` into memory past the logical buffer; per kernel scoring guidance such memory corruption is treated as enabling high confidentiality impact (information disclosure primitives), matching CWE-787 assessment of this CVE.\nI:H - The bug issues a attacker-influenced (pmsg) or kernel-sourced (console) out-of-bounds store via `memcpy_toio`/`copy_from_user` at a corrupted start offset, which is integrity-high memory corruption that can overwrite adjacent mapped persistent-RAM contents and is scored as exploitable for control-flow impact under the OOB-write rule.\nA:H - The demonstrated consequence is a kernel translation fault/oops during the out-of-bounds write (see the fix backtrace through `persistent_ram_write` → `__memcpy_toio`), which is a full availability loss." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "fs/pstore/ram_core.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "e1e3a46706bd4037e8b7407dc660ae6e05b8ac56", "lessThan": "89312657337e6e03ad6e9ea1a462bd9c158c85c8", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "265242d82a3c6a8bd9120d06b4801f8d7ae9a346", "lessThan": "c807ccdd812d18985860504b503899f3140a9549", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "30696378f68a9e3dad6bfe55938b112e72af00c2", "lessThan": "e972231db29b5d1dccc13bf9d5ba55b6979a69ed", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "30696378f68a9e3dad6bfe55938b112e72af00c2", "lessThan": "dc2f60de9a7d3efd982440117dab5579898d808c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "30696378f68a9e3dad6bfe55938b112e72af00c2", "lessThan": "fedecaeef88899d940b69368c996e8b3b0b8650d", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "30696378f68a9e3dad6bfe55938b112e72af00c2", "lessThan": "e95d7a8a6edd14f8fab44c777dd7281db91f6ae2", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "30696378f68a9e3dad6bfe55938b112e72af00c2", "lessThan": "f77990358628b01bdc03752126ff5f716ea37615", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "30696378f68a9e3dad6bfe55938b112e72af00c2", "lessThan": "25fb4e3402d46f425ec135ef6f09792a4c1b3003", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "30696378f68a9e3dad6bfe55938b112e72af00c2", "lessThan": "fe8c3623ab06603eb760444a032d426542212021", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ec7f99261da9a20d63cbd273511a11a2efe698f2", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "f250e4c562a3bd106575032666e9ef46f31231f8", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "fffdbf586866e9500b53c9d4b061d3983720375a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "9e969ba431b46b1891c88cea36f722f3bfe8a180", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "4.14.96", "lessThan": "4.14.326", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "4.19.18", "lessThan": "4.19.295", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "3.18.133", "lessThan": "3.19", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "4.4.172", "lessThan": "4.5", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "4.9.153", "lessThan": "4.10", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "4.20.5", "lessThan": "4.21", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "fs/pstore/ram_core.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "5.0", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "5.0", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "4.14.326", "lessThanOrEqual": "4.14.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "4.19.295", "lessThanOrEqual": "4.19.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.4.257", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.195", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.132", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.53", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.4.16", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.5.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.5.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.6", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.14.96", "versionEndExcluding": "4.14.326" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.19.18", "versionEndExcluding": "4.19.295" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.257" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.195" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.132" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.53" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "6.4.16" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "6.5.3" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.0", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.18.133" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.4.172" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.9.153" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.20.5" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89312657337e6e03ad6e9ea1a462bd9c158c85c8" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c807ccdd812d18985860504b503899f3140a9549" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e972231db29b5d1dccc13bf9d5ba55b6979a69ed" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc2f60de9a7d3efd982440117dab5579898d808c" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fedecaeef88899d940b69368c996e8b3b0b8650d" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e95d7a8a6edd14f8fab44c777dd7281db91f6ae2" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f77990358628b01bdc03752126ff5f716ea37615" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25fb4e3402d46f425ec135ef6f09792a4c1b3003" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe8c3623ab06603eb760444a032d426542212021" } ], "title": "pstore/ram: Check start of empty przs during init", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.8, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH" } }, { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "id": "CVE-2023-53331", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "total" } ], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-01-14T18:30:13.040006Z" } } } ], "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-787", "description": "CWE-787 Out-of-bounds Write" } ] } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-01-14T18:32:59.884Z" } } ] } }