{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2023-53216", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-09-15T14:19:21.845Z", "datePublished": "2025-09-15T14:21:43.935Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:13:08.599Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:13:08.599Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\narm64: efi: Make efi_rt_lock a raw_spinlock\n\nRunning a rt-kernel base on 6.2.0-rc3-rt1 on an Ampere Altra outputs\nthe following:\n BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/spinlock_rt.c:46\n in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, non_block: 0, pid: 9, name: kworker/u320:0\n preempt_count: 2, expected: 0\n RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0\n 3 locks held by kworker/u320:0/9:\n #0: ffff3fff8c27d128 ((wq_completion)efi_rts_wq){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work (./include/linux/atomic/atomic-long.h:41)\n #1: ffff80000861bdd0 ((work_completion)(&efi_rts_work.work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work (./include/linux/atomic/atomic-long.h:41)\n #2: ffffdf7e1ed3e460 (efi_rt_lock){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: efi_call_rts (drivers/firmware/efi/runtime-wrappers.c:101)\n Preemption disabled at:\n efi_virtmap_load (./arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu_context.h:248)\n CPU: 0 PID: 9 Comm: kworker/u320:0 Tainted: G W 6.2.0-rc3-rt1\n Hardware name: WIWYNN Mt.Jade Server System B81.03001.0005/Mt.Jade Motherboard, BIOS 1.08.20220218 (SCP: 1.08.20220218) 2022/02/18\n Workqueue: efi_rts_wq efi_call_rts\n Call trace:\n dump_backtrace (arch/arm64/kernel/stacktrace.c:158)\n show_stack (arch/arm64/kernel/stacktrace.c:165)\n dump_stack_lvl (lib/dump_stack.c:107 (discriminator 4))\n dump_stack (lib/dump_stack.c:114)\n __might_resched (kernel/sched/core.c:10134)\n rt_spin_lock (kernel/locking/rtmutex.c:1769 (discriminator 4))\n efi_call_rts (drivers/firmware/efi/runtime-wrappers.c:101)\n [...]\n\nThis seems to come from commit ff7a167961d1 (\"arm64: efi: Execute\nruntime services from a dedicated stack\") which adds a spinlock. This\nspinlock is taken through:\nefi_call_rts()\n\\-efi_call_virt()\n \\-efi_call_virt_pointer()\n \\-arch_efi_call_virt_setup()\n\nMake 'efi_rt_lock' a raw_spinlock to avoid being preempted.\n\n[ardb: The EFI runtime services are called with a different set of\n translation tables, and are permitted to use the SIMD registers.\n The context switch code preserves/restores neither, and so EFI\n calls must be made with preemption disabled, rather than only\n disabling migration.]" } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable EFI runtime call path is reached locally via efivarfs reads/writes and related kernel EFI wrappers (efi_call_rts → efi_call_virt_pointer → arch_efi_call_virt_setup), not via network packet processing.\nAC:L - On a PREEMPT_RT arm64 system with EFI runtime services, an attacker can reliably trigger the buggy lock acquisition by invoking EFI variable access; success does not depend on races or conditions outside attacker control.\nPR:L - efivarfs creates variable files as mode 0644, so an unprivileged local user can read EFI variables and force the EFI runtime workqueue through the vulnerable spinlock path without root.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires only attacker-controlled local I/O against efivarfs or equivalent EFI runtime entry points; no separate victim action is needed.\nS:U - Impact remains within the kernel/OS security authority; this is not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or other cross-boundary scope change.\nC:H - Taking a sleepable RT spinlock after switching to EFI translation tables and while sharing the dedicated EFI runtime stack can corrupt kernel/firmware execution context under contention, which is a memory-corruption primitive enabling confidentiality loss.\nI:H - The same corrupted page-table/SIMD/stack context can yield control-flow or memory-write primitives, so integrity impact is assessed as high rather than a pure warning/DoS.\nA:H - The bug manifests as sleeping-in-atomic BUG/WARN on every affected EFI runtime call and can hang or crash the kernel when the RT lock slowpath runs in atomic context with EFI mappings active." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "arch/arm64/include/asm/efi.h", "arch/arm64/kernel/efi.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "4012603cbd469223f225637d265a233f034c567a", "lessThan": "030b1c4217a4f504c7d0795a2bd86b7181e56f11", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "de2af657cab92afc13a4ccd8780370481ed0eb61", "lessThan": "6a72729ed6accc86dad5522895e8fa2f96642a2c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "f75a91c82dc805af8f718ff106ec9c090234b37b", "lessThan": "8b38969fa01662ec539a0d08a8ea5ec6f31fa4ed", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ff7a167961d1b97e0e205f245f806e564d3505e7", "lessThan": "4e8f7d998b582a99aadedd07ae6086e99b89c97a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "ff7a167961d1b97e0e205f245f806e564d3505e7", "lessThan": "0e68b5517d3767562889f1d83fdb828c26adb24f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "5.10.165", "lessThan": "5.10.175", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.90", "lessThan": "5.15.103", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.8", "lessThan": "6.1.18", "status": "affected", "versionType": "semver" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "arch/arm64/include/asm/efi.h", "arch/arm64/kernel/efi.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "6.2", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "6.2", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.175", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.103", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.1.18", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.2.5", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.2.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "6.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.10.165", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.175" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.15.90", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.103" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.8", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.18" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.2", "versionEndExcluding": "6.2.5" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.2", "versionEndExcluding": "6.3" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/030b1c4217a4f504c7d0795a2bd86b7181e56f11" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6a72729ed6accc86dad5522895e8fa2f96642a2c" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b38969fa01662ec539a0d08a8ea5ec6f31fa4ed" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4e8f7d998b582a99aadedd07ae6086e99b89c97a" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e68b5517d3767562889f1d83fdb828c26adb24f" } ], "title": "arm64: efi: Make efi_rt_lock a raw_spinlock", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.8, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH" } }, { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "id": "CVE-2023-53216", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "total" } ], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-01-14T17:49:22.962667Z" } } } ], "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "description": "CWE-noinfo Not enough information" } ] } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-01-14T17:52:57.797Z" } } ] } }