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01 Record

CVE-2023-22486

cmark-gfm Quadratic complexity bug in handle_close_bracket may lead to a denial of service

LowPUBLISHEDCNA: GitHub_M
CNA base score3.5 CVSS v3.xCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

02 Description

cmark-gfm Quadratic complexity bug in handle_close_bracket may lead to a denial of service

03 Exploitation and scoring

Exploitation
Public exploit code exists. CISA's assessment records a public proof of concept. That is not a report of exploitation in the wild.
SSVC decision
  • ExploitationpocPublic proof-of-concept exploit code exists. Not a report of exploitation in the wild.
  • AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
  • Technical ImpactpartialSuccessful exploitation gives limited control of the vulnerable component.
CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.
EPSS probability
1.10% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.
EPSS percentile
Equal to or higher than the score of 65.6% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.
NVD base score
7.5 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.
NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
NVD analysis status
Modified. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.
Red Hat severity
No Red Hat rating. Red Hat rates the CVEs that affect its products.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

04 Metadata

Published
2023-01-24 02:30Z3 YR AGO
Last updated
2025-03-10 21:20Z1 YR AGO
Reserved
2022-12-29
Assigning CNA
GitHub_M
Record state
PUBLISHED
Severity
Low (CVSS 3.5)
CNA CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Weaknesses
  • CWE-400Uncontrolled Resource ConsumptionClass
  • CWE-407Inefficient Algorithmic ComplexityClass
Data version
5.1
Document digest
8421abb75ee6b1a8dcb0375da37dbfe9fbc8a32b6cb6c5b0927b2386dfb9cba3

05 Affected products

VendorProductVersionsPlatforms
githubcmark-gfm< 0.29.0.gfm.7—

06 References

07 Fixed in

Debian 12

  • cmark-gfm
    No fix yet
  • python-cmarkgfm
    No fix yet
  • r-cran-commonmark
    No fix yet
  • ruby-commonmarker
    No fix yet

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 13

  • cmark-gfm
    Fixed in 0.29.0.gfm.13-1
  • python-cmarkgfm
    Fixed in 2024.11.20-1
  • r-cran-commonmark
    Fixed in 1.9.0-1
  • ruby-commonmarker
    Fixed in 0.23.10-1

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 14

  • cmark-gfm
    Fixed in 0.29.0.gfm.13-1
  • python-cmarkgfm
    Fixed in 2024.11.20-1
  • r-cran-commonmark
    Fixed in 1.9.0-1
  • ruby-commonmarker
    Fixed in 0.23.10-1

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

  • cmark
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

  • cmark
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS

  • cmark
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS

  • cmark
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 25.10

  • cmark
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 26.04 LTS

  • cmark
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 26.10

  • cmark
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS

  • cmark-gfm
    Fixed in 0.29.0.gfm.0-4ubuntu0.1~esm1
    Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 22.04 LTS

  • cmark-gfm
    Fixed in 0.29.0.gfm.3-3ubuntu0.1~esm1
    Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 24.04 LTS

  • cmark-gfm
    Fixed in 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.04.1~esm1
    Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

A release or ecosystem missing from this list has no record here. It may be unaffected or not covered by the source. Source notices and licences.