{ "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": { "cveId": "CVE-2022-49451", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-02-26T02:08:31.572Z", "datePublished": "2025-02-26T02:13:01.077Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T08:55:12.845Z" }, "containers": { "cna": { "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T08:55:12.845Z" }, "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfirmware: arm_scmi: Fix list protocols enumeration in the base protocol\n\nWhile enumerating protocols implemented by the SCMI platform using\nBASE_DISCOVER_LIST_PROTOCOLS, the number of returned protocols is\ncurrently validated in an improper way since the check employs a sum\nbetween unsigned integers that could overflow and cause the check itself\nto be silently bypassed if the returned value 'loop_num_ret' is big\nenough.\n\nFix the validation avoiding the addition." } ], "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 8.4, "baseSeverity": "HIGH" }, "scenarios": [ { "lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The overflow is reached only while processing local SCMI platform replies on mailbox/SMC/OP-TEE/virtio transports during base-protocol init (scmi_probe → scmi_protocol_acquire(BASE) → scmi_base_implementation_list_get); there is no network or adjacent-protocol path into this enumeration.\nAC:L - A malicious SCMI peer fully controls loop_num_ret and can deterministically return a small first batch then 0xFFFFFFFF so tot_num_ret + loop_num_ret wraps and bypasses the bounds check, with no race or attacker-uncontrollable condition.\nPR:N - Under the virtio-scmi and compromised-SCP threat models the attacker needs no guest/OS account or capability—crafted BASE_DISCOVER_LIST_PROTOCOLS responses are consumed automatically at probe with no authentication on the Linux side.\nUI:N - Base-protocol enumeration runs automatically during SCMI device probe at boot/hotplug; no victim mount, open, or other interactive step is required.\nS:U - The resulting heap corruption stays inside the host/guest kernel’s own security authority; this is not a guest-to-host escape, IOMMU bypass, or Normal/Secure-world boundary cross.\nC:H - Bypassing the check drives an unbounded for-loop that both over-reads past the rx message buffer (list + loop) and corrupts adjacent heap via the 16-byte protocols_imp write, yielding disclosure primitives consistent with OOB/memory-corruption guidance.\nI:H - The same integer-overflow bypass produces a heap out-of-bounds write past the MAX_PROTOCOLS_IMP-sized protocols_imp allocation, which is an arbitrary-write/control-flow hijack primitive under kernel CVSS guidance.\nA:H - The huge post-wrap loop_num_ret inevitably faults on OOB read/write or corrupts allocator state into an oops/panic, so availability impact is High even without a full exploit." } ] } ], "affected": [ { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/firmware/arm_scmi/base.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "b6f20ff8bd94ad34032804a60bab5ee56752007e", "lessThan": "444a2d27fe9867d0da4b28fc45b793f32e099ab8", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b6f20ff8bd94ad34032804a60bab5ee56752007e", "lessThan": "b0e4bafac8963c2d85ee18d3d01f393735acceec", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b6f20ff8bd94ad34032804a60bab5ee56752007e", "lessThan": "1052f22e127d0c34c3387bb389424ba1c61491ff", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b6f20ff8bd94ad34032804a60bab5ee56752007e", "lessThan": "98342148a8cd242855d7e257f298c966c96dba9f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b6f20ff8bd94ad34032804a60bab5ee56752007e", "lessThan": "6e7978695f4a6cbd83616b5a702b77fa2087b247", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b6f20ff8bd94ad34032804a60bab5ee56752007e", "lessThan": "2ccfcd7a09c826516edcfe464b05071961aada3f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" }, { "version": "b6f20ff8bd94ad34032804a60bab5ee56752007e", "lessThan": "8009120e0354a67068e920eb10dce532391361d0", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git" } ] }, { "product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": [ "drivers/firmware/arm_scmi/base.c" ], "versions": [ { "version": "4.17", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "lessThan": "4.17", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "4.19.247", "lessThanOrEqual": "4.19.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.4.198", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.10.121", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.15.46", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.17.14", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.17.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.18.3", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver" }, { "version": "5.19", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix" } ] } ], "cpeApplicability": [ { "nodes": [ { "operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [ { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.17", "versionEndExcluding": "4.19.247" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.17", "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.198" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.17", "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.121" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.17", "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.46" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.17", "versionEndExcluding": "5.17.14" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.17", "versionEndExcluding": "5.18.3" }, { "vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "4.17", "versionEndExcluding": "5.19" } ] } ] } ], "references": [ { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/444a2d27fe9867d0da4b28fc45b793f32e099ab8" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0e4bafac8963c2d85ee18d3d01f393735acceec" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1052f22e127d0c34c3387bb389424ba1c61491ff" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98342148a8cd242855d7e257f298c966c96dba9f" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e7978695f4a6cbd83616b5a702b77fa2087b247" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ccfcd7a09c826516edcfe464b05071961aada3f" }, { "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8009120e0354a67068e920eb10dce532391361d0" } ], "title": "firmware: arm_scmi: Fix list protocols enumeration in the base protocol", "x_generator": { "engine": "bippy-1.2.0" } }, "adp": [ { "metrics": [ { "cvssV3_1": { "scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 5.5, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE" } }, { "other": { "type": "ssvc", "content": { "id": "CVE-2022-49451", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [ { "Exploitation": "none" }, { "Automatable": "no" }, { "Technical Impact": "partial" } ], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-10-01T19:40:29.513301Z" } } } ], "problemTypes": [ { "descriptions": [ { "lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-190", "description": "CWE-190 Integer Overflow or Wraparound" } ] } ], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": { "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-10-01T19:46:48.095Z" } } ] } }