{
    "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
    "dataVersion": "5.2",
    "cveMetadata": {
        "cveId": "CVE-2022-49127",
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "state": "PUBLISHED",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "dateReserved": "2025-02-26T01:49:39.266Z",
        "datePublished": "2025-02-26T01:55:04.643Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T08:53:59.429Z"
    },
    "containers": {
        "cna": {
            "providerMetadata": {
                "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
                "shortName": "Linux",
                "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T08:53:59.429Z"
            },
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "lang": "en",
                    "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nref_tracker: implement use-after-free detection\n\nWhenever ref_tracker_dir_init() is called, mark the struct ref_tracker_dir\nas dead.\n\nTest the dead status from ref_tracker_alloc() and ref_tracker_free()\n\nThis should detect buggy dev_put()/dev_hold() happening too late\nin netdevice dismantle process."
                }
            ],
            "metrics": [
                {
                    "cvssV3_1": {
                        "version": "3.1",
                        "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                        "baseScore": 7,
                        "baseSeverity": "HIGH"
                    },
                    "scenarios": [
                        {
                            "lang": "en",
                            "value": "AV:L - The ref_tracker path is reached through local netdev/netns lifecycle operations (netdev_hold/put during device or namespace teardown via netlink/syscalls), not by parsing attacker-controlled remote packets.\nAC:H - The vulnerable code exists only when CONFIG_NET_DEV_REFCNT_TRACKER or CONFIG_NET_NS_REFCNT_TRACKER is enabled (default n, DEBUG_KERNEL-only); without that rare debug config the tracker ops are compiled out as stubs.\nPR:L - An unprivileged user can obtain CAP_NET_ADMIN via user namespaces (unshare -Urn), create/destroy netdevs and network namespaces, and drive dismantle paths that exercise the tracker.\nUI:N - The attacker can create and tear down their own network devices/namespaces and trigger late hold/put paths without any victim action.\nS:U - Impact stays within the local kernel’s networking reference-tracking state; there is no VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or other cross-authority boundary crossing.\nC:H - Use-after-free of heap-allocated struct ref_tracker objects after dir_exit frees them can be leveraged for arbitrary kernel memory disclosure via heap reuse.\nI:H - The same UAF enables heap spraying and corruption of reused tracker/list metadata, which can yield arbitrary write or control-flow hijacking primitives.\nA:H - UAF of freed trackers and the WARN_ON_ONCE path can oops/panic the kernel (including under panic_on_warn), causing a full availability loss."
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "affected": [
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "include/linux/ref_tracker.h",
                        "lib/ref_tracker.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "4e66934eaadc83b27ada8d42b60894018f3bfabf",
                            "lessThan": "3743c9de303fa36c2e2ca2522ab280c52bcafbd2",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "4e66934eaadc83b27ada8d42b60894018f3bfabf",
                            "lessThan": "e3ececfe668facd87d920b608349a32607060e66",
                            "status": "affected",
                            "versionType": "git"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "product": "Linux",
                    "vendor": "Linux",
                    "defaultStatus": "affected",
                    "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                    "programFiles": [
                        "include/linux/ref_tracker.h",
                        "lib/ref_tracker.c"
                    ],
                    "versions": [
                        {
                            "version": "5.17",
                            "status": "affected"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "0",
                            "lessThan": "5.17",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.17.3",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "5.17.*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "semver"
                        },
                        {
                            "version": "5.18",
                            "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                            "status": "unaffected",
                            "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "cpeApplicability": [
                {
                    "nodes": [
                        {
                            "operator": "OR",
                            "negate": false,
                            "cpeMatch": [
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.17.3"
                                },
                                {
                                    "vulnerable": true,
                                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.17",
                                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.18"
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "references": [
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3743c9de303fa36c2e2ca2522ab280c52bcafbd2"
                },
                {
                    "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3ececfe668facd87d920b608349a32607060e66"
                }
            ],
            "title": "ref_tracker: implement use-after-free detection",
            "x_generator": {
                "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
            }
        },
        "adp": [
            {
                "metrics": [
                    {
                        "cvssV3_1": {
                            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                            "version": "3.1",
                            "baseScore": 7.8,
                            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                            "userInteraction": "NONE",
                            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"
                        }
                    },
                    {
                        "other": {
                            "type": "ssvc",
                            "content": {
                                "id": "CVE-2022-49127",
                                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                                "options": [
                                    {
                                        "Exploitation": "none"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Automatable": "no"
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "Technical Impact": "total"
                                    }
                                ],
                                "version": "2.0.3",
                                "timestamp": "2025-02-27T18:17:18.309932Z"
                            }
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "problemTypes": [
                    {
                        "descriptions": [
                            {
                                "lang": "en",
                                "type": "CWE",
                                "cweId": "CWE-416",
                                "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free"
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
                "providerMetadata": {
                    "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
                    "shortName": "CISA-ADP",
                    "dateUpdated": "2025-02-27T18:22:34.926Z"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}