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01 Record

CVE-2022-45939

GNU Emacs through 28.2 allows attackers to execute commands via shell metacharacters in the name of a source-code file, because lib-src/etags.c uses the system C library function in its implementation

HighPUBLISHEDCNA: mitre
CNA base score7.8 CVSS v3.xCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
View raw JSON

02 Description

GNU Emacs through 28.2 allows attackers to execute commands via shell metacharacters in the name of a source-code file, because lib-src/etags.c uses the system C library function in its implementation

03 Exploitation and scoring

Exploitation
Assessed, none found. CISA's assessment recorded neither public exploit code nor evidence of exploitation when it was made.
SSVC decision
  • ExploitationnoneCISA recorded no public exploit code and no evidence of exploitation.
  • AutomatablenoAt least one step from reconnaissance to exploitation cannot be reliably automated.
  • Technical ImpacttotalSuccessful exploitation gives total control of the vulnerable component.
CISA publishes the decision points, not a final SSVC decision. The decision also depends on mission and well-being impact, which is a property of your deployment rather than of the vulnerability.
EPSS probability
0.66% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.
EPSS percentile
Equal to or higher than the score of 51.2% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.
NVD base score
7.8 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.
NVD CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD analysis status
Modified. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.
Red Hat severity
Moderate. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.

Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.

04 Metadata

Published
2022-11-28 00:00Z3 YR AGO
Last updated
2025-04-28 18:12Z1 YR AGO
Reserved
2022-11-28
Assigning CNA
mitre
Record state
PUBLISHED
Severity
High (CVSS 7.8)
CNA CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weaknesses
  • CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')Base
Data version
5.1
Document digest
879341e52423b8252143d41fa6e78ddb227ba21c66c9be193b29cfb442ebb231

05 Affected products

VendorProductVersionsPlatforms
debiandebian_linuxNot specified—
fedoraprojectfedoraNot specified—
gnuemacsNot specified—
redhatenterprise_linuxNot specified—
redhatrhel_eusNot specified—

06 References

07 Fixed in

AlmaLinux 8

  • emacs
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-common
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-filesystem
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-lucid
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-nox
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-terminal
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8

Source: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

AlmaLinux 9

  • emacs
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9
  • emacs-common
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9
  • emacs-filesystem
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9
  • emacs-lucid
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9
  • emacs-nox
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9

Source: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

CloudLinux 8

  • emacs
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-common
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-filesystem
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-lucid
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-nox
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8
  • emacs-terminal
    Fixed in 1:26.1-9.el8

Derived from AlmaLinux 8. Partial coverage: only packages taken from AlmaLinux 8 are listed.

Source: CloudLinux errata, CloudLinux Inc. Derived from: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

CloudLinux 9

  • emacs
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9
  • emacs-common
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9
  • emacs-filesystem
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9
  • emacs-lucid
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9
  • emacs-nox
    Fixed in 1:27.2-8.el9

Derived from AlmaLinux 9. Partial coverage: only packages taken from AlmaLinux 9 are listed.

Source: CloudLinux errata, CloudLinux Inc. Derived from: AlmaLinux, AlmaLinux OS. Copyright (c) 2023 AlmaLinux OS. Licensed under MIT License. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 12

  • emacs
    Fixed in 1:28.2+1-8
  • xemacs21
    Fixed in 21.4.24-11

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 13

  • emacs
    Fixed in 1:28.2+1-8

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Debian 14

  • emacs
    Fixed in 1:28.2+1-8

Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

  • xemacs21
    No fix yet
  • xemacs21-packages
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

  • xemacs21
    No fix yet
  • xemacs21-packages
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

  • xemacs21
    No fix yet
  • xemacs21-packages
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS

  • emacs
    Fixed in 1:27.1+1-3ubuntu5.2
  • xemacs21
    No fix yet
  • xemacs21-packages
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS

  • xemacs21
    No fix yet
  • xemacs21-packages
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 25.10

  • xemacs21
    No fix yet
  • xemacs21-packages
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 26.04 LTS

  • xemacs21
    No fix yet
  • xemacs21-packages
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu 26.10

  • xemacs21
    No fix yet
  • xemacs21-packages
    No fix yet

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS

  • emacs24
    Fixed in 24.5+1-6ubuntu1.1+esm1
    Available with Ubuntu Pro (Infra-only): https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS

  • emacs25
    Fixed in 25.2+1-6ubuntu0.1~esm2
    Available with Ubuntu Pro (Infra-only): https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS

  • emacs
    Fixed in 1:26.3+1-1ubuntu2+esm1
    Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro

Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.

A release or ecosystem missing from this list has no record here. It may be unaffected or not covered by the source. Source notices and licences.