CVE-2016-3157
The __switch_to function in arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c in the Linux kernel does not properly context-switch IOPL on 64-bit PV Xen guests, which allows local guest OS users to gain privileges, cause
02 Description
The __switch_to function in arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c in the Linux kernel does not properly context-switch IOPL on 64-bit PV Xen guests, which allows local guest OS users to gain privileges, cause
03 Exploitation and scoring
- Exploitation
- Not assessed. CISA has not published an exploitation assessment for this record, and it is not in the KEV catalog. That is an absence of assessment, not a finding of no risk.
- SSVC decision
- Not assessed by CISA
- EPSS probability
- 0.51% probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days.
- EPSS percentile
- Equal to or higher than the score of 43.4% of scored records. A rank, not a probability.
- NVD base score
- 7.8 (CVSS v3.x), scored by the NVD independently of the CNA.
- NVD CVSS vector
- CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- NVD analysis status
- Modified. NVD last modified this record on 2026-06-17.
- Red Hat severity
- Moderate. Red Hat's rating for its own products, not a CVSS rating.
Exploit-prediction scores from FIRST. Independent scoring and analysis status from the NVD. Vendor severity from Red Hat. Exploitation assessment and catalog membership from CISA.
04 Metadata
- Published
- 2016-04-12 16:00Z10 YR AGO
- Last updated
- 2024-08-05 23:47Z2 YR AGO
- Reserved
- 2016-03-15
- Assigning CNA
- mitre
- Record state
- PUBLISHED
- Severity
- Not rated by the issuing CNA
- CNA CVSS vector
- Not published by the issuing CNA
- Weaknesses
- Data version
- 5.1
- Document digest
- 2013ac849a2ac4841c6ca84af9e59779130495488979ad66f310591cf446f8e1
05 Affected products
06 References
- www.ubuntu.comUSN-2971-2http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2971-2
- xenbits.xen.orghttp://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-171.html
- www.ubuntu.comUSN-2970-1http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2970-1
- www.oracle.comhttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinapr2016-2952096.html
- www.ubuntu.comUSN-2969-1http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2969-1
- www.ubuntu.comUSN-2968-1http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2968-1
- www.ubuntu.comUSN-2971-3http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2971-3
- www.ubuntu.comUSN-2997-1http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2997-1
- www.debian.orgDSA-3607http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3607
- www.ubuntu.comUSN-2971-1http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2971-1
- www.ubuntu.comUSN-2996-1http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2996-1
- www.ubuntu.comUSN-2968-2http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2968-2
- www.securitytracker.com1035308http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035308
- www.securityfocus.com84594http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/84594
07 Fixed in
Debian 12
- linux Fixed in 4.5.1-1
Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Debian 13
- linux Fixed in 4.5.1-1
Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Debian 14
- linux Fixed in 4.5.1-1
Source: Debian Security Tracker, the Debian security team. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
- linux Fixed in 3.13.0-86.130
- linux-lts-utopic Fixed in 3.16.0-71.91~14.04.1
- linux-lts-vivid Fixed in 3.19.0-59.65~14.04.1
- linux-lts-wily Fixed in 4.2.0-36.41~14.04.1
- linux-lts-xenial Fixed in 4.4.0-22.39~14.04.1
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
- linux Fixed in 4.4.0-22.39
- linux-raspi2 Fixed in 4.4.0-1010.12
- linux-snapdragon Fixed in 4.4.0-1013.14
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
- linux-azure No fix yet
- linux-gcp No fix yet
- linux-hwe No fix yet
- linux-hwe-edge No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
- linux-azure-fde No fix yet
- linux-gke No fix yet
- linux-gkeop No fix yet
- linux-raspi2 No fix yet
- linux-riscv No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
- linux-intel-iot-realtime No fix yet
- linux-realtime No fix yet
- linux-riscv No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
- linux-azure-6.11 No fix yet
- linux-gcp-6.11 No fix yet
- linux-hwe-6.11 No fix yet
- linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 No fix yet
- linux-raspi-realtime No fix yet
- linux-realtime No fix yet
- linux-riscv No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS
- linux-azure-fde-5.15 No fix yet
Source: Ubuntu, Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Received through OSV.dev. Reformatted by exploit.cc.
A release or ecosystem missing from this list has no record here. It may be unaffected or not covered by the source. Source notices and licences.